Loading the evidence…
Preparing your view.
Preparing your view.
NATIONAL FORCES · COMPARISON
India vs Pakistan
| Overview | India | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
Active personnel DefinitionFull-time active military personnel; exclude reserves and paramilitary unless explicitly identified. | 1,500,700Estimate · people · November 2025 IISS assessmentSingle sourceNational full-time active military personnel; the separately reported reserve, gendarmerie and paramilitary totals are excluded. | 660,000Estimate · people · November 2025 IISS assessmentSingle sourceNational full-time active military personnel; the separately reported reserve, gendarmerie and paramilitary totals are excluded. |
Armed forces personnel DefinitionActive-duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces whose training, organisation, equipment and control allow them to support or replace regular forces. This is not an active-regular-only count. | 3,068,000people · 2020Single source2020 annual observation. Active-duty military personnel, including qualifying paramilitary forces; not an active-regular-only count. | 943,000people · 2020Single source2020 annual observation. Active-duty military personnel, including qualifying paramilitary forces; not an active-regular-only count. |
Combat aircraft DefinitionIn-service fixed-wing combat aircraft; exclude stored, retired and ordered aircraft. In service does not establish readiness. | 643Estimate · aircraft · 8 Oct 2024Single sourceNational in-service fixed-wing aircraft classified as Combat aircraft by FlightGlobal/Cirium, summing the Active column across all military services listed for the country. Excludes the separately classified trainers, special-mission aircraft, tankers and helicopters, as well as aircraft in storage, undergoing or awaiting upgrades, and orders. This is the directory's active-role inventory estimate, not a measure of combat readiness. | 418Estimate · aircraft · 8 Oct 2024Single sourceNational in-service fixed-wing aircraft classified as Combat aircraft by FlightGlobal/Cirium, summing the Active column across all military services listed for the country. Excludes the separately classified trainers, special-mission aircraft, tankers and helicopters, as well as aircraft in storage, undergoing or awaiting upgrades, and orders. This is the directory's active-role inventory estimate, not a measure of combat readiness. |
Defence spending DefinitionAnnual military expenditure in current US dollars. State fiscal year, coverage and conversion basis in notes. | US$78.3bnEstimate · USD · 2025 IISS defence budget assessmentSingle sourceSource-reported annual official defence budget/appropriation in current US dollars; it is a budget figure, not an assertion of final expenditure or readiness. Explicit 2025 economic-table year column; USD 78.3bn. The table was compiled in the November 2025 IISS assessment; this annual figure is an assessment/estimate and does not assert a final audited outturn. Source coverage/fiscal-year notes: [a] Includes defence civil estimates, which include military pensions | US$11.9bnEstimate · USD · 2026 IISS defence budget forecast (November 2025 assessment)Single sourceSource-reported annual official defence budget/appropriation in current US dollars; it is a budget figure, not an assertion of final expenditure or readiness. Explicit 2026 economic-table year column; USD 11.9bn. The table was compiled in the November 2025 IISS assessment; this annual figure is an assessment/estimate and does not assert a final audited outturn. Source coverage/fiscal-year notes: [a] Includes defence allocations to the Public Sector Development Programme (PSDP), including funding to the Defence Division and the Defence Production Division The explicit 2026 column is forward-looking relative to the November 2025 assessment and is retained as a forecast, not an observed final outturn. |
GDP DefinitionAnnual nominal GDP in current US dollars, not purchasing-power parity. | US$4.51tnEstimate · USD · 2026 IISS nominal GDP forecast (November 2025 assessment)Single sourceAnnual nominal GDP at current market prices, in source-reported current US dollars. Excludes purchasing-power-parity GDP and real GDP growth. Explicit 2026 economic-table year column; USD 4.51trn. The table was compiled in the November 2025 IISS assessment; this annual figure is an assessment/estimate and does not assert a final audited outturn. The explicit 2026 column is forward-looking relative to the November 2025 assessment and is retained as a forecast, not an observed final outturn. | US$459bnEstimate · USD · 2026 IISS nominal GDP forecast (November 2025 assessment)Single sourceAnnual nominal GDP at current market prices, in source-reported current US dollars. Excludes purchasing-power-parity GDP and real GDP growth. Explicit 2026 economic-table year column; USD 459bn. The table was compiled in the November 2025 IISS assessment; this annual figure is an assessment/estimate and does not assert a final audited outturn. The explicit 2026 column is forward-looking relative to the November 2025 assessment and is retained as a forecast, not an observed final outturn. |
Main battle tanks DefinitionIn-service main battle tanks; exclude storage and orders. | 3,750Estimate · vehicles · 2025 edition · published Jun 2025Single sourceNational main battle tank fleet assessed in ASPI's June 2025 comparison, drawing on The Military Balance 2025. The complete MBT total is separate from armoured personnel carriers/infantry fighting vehicles and artillery. Fleet quantity is not a readiness count. | 2,537Estimate · vehicles · 2025 edition · published Jun 2025Single sourceNational main battle tank fleet assessed in ASPI's June 2025 comparison, drawing on The Military Balance 2025. The complete MBT total is separate from armoured personnel carriers/infantry fighting vehicles and artillery. Fleet quantity is not a readiness count. |
Major surface combatants DefinitionCommissioned cruisers, destroyers and frigates. Exclude patrol craft and support vessels. | 27Estimate · vessels · 2025 edition · published Jun 2025Single sourceCommissioned cruisers, destroyers and frigates in the national fleet; excludes aircraft carriers, corvettes, patrol, amphibious and support vessels. Fleet count, not immediately deployable strength. | 11Estimate · vessels · 2025 edition · published Jun 2025Single sourceCommissioned cruisers, destroyers and frigates in the national fleet; excludes aircraft carriers, corvettes, patrol, amphibious and support vessels. Fleet count, not immediately deployable strength. |
Nuclear warheads DefinitionWarheads in the military stockpile, deployed or in reserve; exclude retired warheads awaiting dismantlement. Independent estimates, labelled as such. | 190Estimate · warheads · 2026 estimateSingle sourceWarheads in the military stockpile: in the custody of the military and earmarked for use by military forces, deployed or in reserve. Excludes retired warheads awaiting dismantlement. | 170Estimate · warheads · 2026 estimateSingle sourceWarheads in the military stockpile: in the custody of the military and earmarked for use by military forces, deployed or in reserve. Excludes retired warheads awaiting dismantlement. |
Population DefinitionTotal resident population; retain the source's reference year. | 1,463,865,525people · 2025Single source2025 annual observation. Midyear resident population estimate. | 255,219,554people · 2025Single source2025 annual observation. Midyear resident population estimate. |
Reserve personnel DefinitionReported reserve personnel, with mobilisation and training definitions stated in notes. | 1,155,000Estimate · people · November 2025 IISS assessmentSingle sourceNational military reserve pool; excludes the separately reported active and paramilitary personnel. Training/mobilisation definitions remain source-specific. | 550,000Estimate · people · May 2025 reportSingle sourcePakistan's reported military reserve pool available for mobilization, separately stated from active-duty and paramilitary personnel in the May 2025 analysis. Not the number of reservists simultaneously on duty. |
Submarines DefinitionCommissioned submarines; exclude vessels on order and decommissioned vessels. | 18Estimate · vessels · 2025 edition · published Jun 2025Single sourceCommissioned military submarines in the national fleet; excludes orders, construction and uncommissioned trial boats. Fleet count, not immediately deployable strength. | 8Estimate · vessels · 4 Sept 2024Single sourceCommissioned military submarines in the national fleet; excludes orders, construction and uncommissioned trial boats. Fleet count, not immediately deployable strength. |
Transport aircraft DefinitionIn-service dedicated fixed-wing military transport aircraft; exclude trainers and orders. | 270Estimate · aircraft · 8 Oct 2024Single sourceNational in-service fixed-wing military transport aircraft classified as Transport by FlightGlobal/Cirium, summing the Active column across all military services listed for the country. Includes strategic, tactical and light liaison/utility transport aircraft; excludes the separately classified trainers, special-mission aircraft, tankers and helicopters, as well as aircraft in storage, undergoing or awaiting upgrades, and orders. This is the directory's active-role inventory estimate, not a measure of immediate availability. | 64Estimate · aircraft · 8 Oct 2024Single sourceNational in-service fixed-wing military transport aircraft classified as Transport by FlightGlobal/Cirium, summing the Active column across all military services listed for the country. Includes strategic, tactical and light liaison/utility transport aircraft; excludes the separately classified trainers, special-mission aircraft, tankers and helicopters, as well as aircraft in storage, undergoing or awaiting upgrades, and orders. This is the directory's active-role inventory estimate, not a measure of immediate availability. |
EQUIPMENT & WEAPONS
Equipment listed in inventory and operator sources, grouped by force and category. Sourced quantities retain their date, variant coverage and inventory status. Equipment without a documented count is listed by type.
736 matching equipment types
| Equipment | India | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
| Combat aircraft | ||
| Chengdu J-10 | — | ≥20Pakistan Air Force · 2025 |
| Chengdu J-7 | — | 932024 |
| Dassault Mirage 5 | — | 25Pakistan Air Force · 2025 37Pakistan Air Force · 2026Wikipedia |
| Dassault Mirage III | — | 872024 49Pakistan Air Force · 2026Wikipedia |
| F-16 Fighting Falcon | — | 752024 |
| HAL Tejas | 30Air Force · 2026Wikipedia 30Air Force · 2026Wikipedia 180Air Force · 2026Wikipedia | — |
| Hawker Hunter | In service | — |
| JF-17 Thunder | — | 1482024 175Pakistan Air Force · 2026Wikipedia |
| Mikoyan MiG-29 | 45Naval Aviation · 2026Wikipedia 65Air Force · 2026Wikipedia 45Naval Air Arm · 2026Wikipedia 45Naval Aviation · 2026Wikipedia 45Naval Air Arm · 2026Wikipedia 65Air Force · 2026Wikipedia | — |
| Mikoyan MiG-29K | 33Naval Aviation · 2025 40Naval Air Arm · 2026Wikipedia | — |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 | 362024 | — |
| Mirage 2000 | 55Air Force · 2026Wikipedia 55Air Force · 2026Wikipedia | — |
| Equipment | India | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
| Tanks | ||
| Al-Khalid tank | — | 410Pakistan Army · 2025 418Pakistan Army · 2026Wikipedia |
| Al-Zarrar tank | — | 500Pakistan Army · 2025 500Pakistan Army · 2026Wikipedia |
| Arjun (tank) | 122Army · 2025 124Indian Army · 2026Wikipedia | — |
| Haider (tank) | — | In service |
| M48 Patton | — | In service |
| T-54/T-55 | In service | 54Pakistan Army · 2026Wikipedia |
| T-72 | 2,418Army · 2025 | — |
| T-80 | — | 315Pakistan Army · 2025 350Pakistan Army · 2026Wikipedia |
| T-84 | — | 350Pakistan Army · 2026Wikipedia 350Pakistan Army · 2026Wikipedia |
| T-90 | 1,2102025 | — |
| Type 59 tank | — | 6002025 600Pakistan Army · 2026Wikipedia |
| Type 69 tank | — | 4002025 400Pakistan Army · 2026Wikipedia |
| Equipment | India | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
| Air defence | ||
| 2K12 Kub | 180Army · 2025 180Indian Army · 2025 | — |
| 2K22 Tunguska | 80Indian Army · 2023Wikipedia | — |
| 9K31 Strela-1 | 200Army · 2025 200Indian Army · 2025 | — |
| 9K33 Osa | ≥502025 | — |
| 9K35 Strela-10 | 250Army · 2025 250Indian Army · 2025 | — |
| AK-630 | In service | In service |
| Akash (missile) | 48Army · 2025 64Air Force · 2025 48Indian Army · 2026Wikipedia | — |
| Anant Shastra | In service | — |
| Barak 1 | In service | — |
| Barak 8 | 30Air Force · 2025 40Indian Army · 2026Wikipedia | — |
| CAMM (missile family) | — | In service |
| Crotale (missile) | — | 144Pakistan Air Force · 2025 |
| Equipment | India | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
| Small arms | ||
| Accuracy International Arctic Warfare | — | In service |
| AGS-30 | In service | — |
| AK-103 | In service | In service |
| AK-47 | In service | In service |
| AK-63 | In service | — |
| AK-74 | — | In service |
| AKM | In service | In service |
| APS underwater rifle | In service | — |
| AR-M1 | In service | — |
| ARDE Under Barrel Grenade Launcher | In service | — |
| AS Val and VSS Vintorez | In service | — |
| Azb DMR MK1 | — | In service |
| Equipment | India | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
| Remote weapon stations | ||
| Protector RWS | In service | — |
| Equipment | India | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
| Radar & sensors | ||
| 1PN58 | In service | — |
| Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight | — | In service |
| Aimpoint CompM2 | — | In service |
| AN/FPS-117 | — | In service |
| AN/PEQ-15 | — | In service |
| AN/PEQ-2 | — | In service |
| AN/PVS-14 | — | In service |
| AN/PVS-4 | — | In service |
| AN/PVS-5 | — | In service |
| AN/PVS-7 | — | In service |
| AN/TPQ-36 Firefinder radar | — | In service |
| AN/TPQ-37 Firefinder radar | 12Indian Army · 2026Wikipedia | — |
Coverage is incomplete. “Not documented” means no linked inventory evidence, not zero equipment. Methodology ↗
Points represent sourced observations, including revisions. Revisions on the same effective date are not separate inventory events. Ranges appear in the table and are not plotted as exact points.
| Observation / report period | Value | Source | Claim state |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cited source 2017-02-14 | 19 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 10 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 24 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 42 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 25 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 14 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 14 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 12 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 17 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 12 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 45 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 83 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 49 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 23 units | Wikipedia contributors | superseded |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 41 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 4 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 19 units | Wikipedia contributors | superseded |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 4 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 12 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 44 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 4 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 74 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 6 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 10 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
A shared land boundary is represented in the Natural Earth dataset. Approximate separation between the dataset’s country label points: 1,300 km.
Generalized geography from Natural Earth 1:110m, version 5.1.1. Label-point distance is calculated on a sphere and rounded to the nearest 100 km; it is not a capital-to-capital distance, route, border distance or operational range. Dataset boundaries do not imply recognition of territorial claims.
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m, v5.1.1 · Public domain · Research catalogue highlighted
Scores out of 100 on the ForceTally Index. Each bar splits in proportion to the two scores. A point at the centre of the chart means no sourced figure for that part.
Points represent sourced observations, including revisions. Revisions on the same effective date are not separate inventory events. Ranges appear in the table and are not plotted as exact points.
| Observation / report period | Value | Source | Claim state |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cited source 2023-04-23 | 300 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| 2024 cited source period | 410 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 1 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | ≥450 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 175 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 350 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 1 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 14 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 40 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 26 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 46 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 6 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 6 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 1 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 3 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 1 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 2 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 4 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 2 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 3 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 4 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 15 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 1 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 21 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 4 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 145 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 69 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 58 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 37 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 49 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 175 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 72 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 90 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 20 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 4 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 12 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 14 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 52 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 50 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 150 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | ≥100 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 565 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
| Source snapshot 2026-10-02 · inventory date unstated | 6 units | Wikipedia contributors | approved |