FORCETALLY
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NATIONAL FORCES · COMPARISON
Estonia vs Latvia
| Overview | Estonia | Latvia |
|---|---|---|
Active personnel DefinitionFull-time active military personnel; exclude reserves and paramilitary unless explicitly identified. | 5,100Estimate · people · 2026 annual estimateSingle source2026 estimate. NATO peacetime military personnel strength; excludes trained reserves held at high readiness. National reporting coverage may differ from regular-force-only headcounts. | 8,300Estimate · people · 2026 annual estimateSingle source2026 estimate. NATO peacetime military personnel strength; excludes trained reserves held at high readiness. National reporting coverage may differ from regular-force-only headcounts. |
Armed forces personnel DefinitionActive-duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces whose training, organisation, equipment and control allow them to support or replace regular forces. This is not an active-regular-only count. | 7,000people · 2020 annual observationSingle source2020 annual observation. Active-duty military personnel, including qualifying paramilitary forces; not an active-regular-only count. | 9,000people · 2020 annual observationSingle source2020 annual observation. Active-duty military personnel, including qualifying paramilitary forces; not an active-regular-only count. |
Defence spending DefinitionAnnual military expenditure in current US dollars. State fiscal year, coverage and conversion basis in notes. | US$2.8bnEstimate · USD · 2026 IISS defence budget forecast (November 2025 assessment)Single sourceSource-reported annual official defence budget/appropriation in current US dollars; it is a budget figure, not an assertion of final expenditure or readiness. Explicit 2026 economic-table year column; USD 2.80bn. The table was compiled in the November 2025 IISS assessment; this annual figure is an assessment/estimate and does not assert a final audited outturn. Source coverage/fiscal-year notes: [b] Includes military pensions The explicit 2026 column is forward-looking relative to the November 2025 assessment and is retained as a forecast, not an observed final outturn. | US$1.8bnEstimate · USD · 2026 IISS defence budget forecast (November 2025 assessment)Single sourceSource-reported annual official defence budget/appropriation in current US dollars; it is a budget figure, not an assertion of final expenditure or readiness. Explicit 2026 economic-table year column; USD 1.80bn. The table was compiled in the November 2025 IISS assessment; this annual figure is an assessment/estimate and does not assert a final audited outturn. Source coverage/fiscal-year notes: [b] Includes military pensions The explicit 2026 column is forward-looking relative to the November 2025 assessment and is retained as a forecast, not an observed final outturn. |
GDP DefinitionAnnual nominal GDP in current US dollars, not purchasing-power parity. | US$51bnEstimate · USD · 2026 IISS nominal GDP forecast (November 2025 assessment)Single sourceAnnual nominal GDP at current market prices, in source-reported current US dollars. Excludes purchasing-power-parity GDP and real GDP growth. Explicit 2026 economic-table year column; USD 51.0bn. The table was compiled in the November 2025 IISS assessment; this annual figure is an assessment/estimate and does not assert a final audited outturn. The explicit 2026 column is forward-looking relative to the November 2025 assessment and is retained as a forecast, not an observed final outturn. | US$52.2bnEstimate · USD · 2026 IISS nominal GDP forecast (November 2025 assessment)Single sourceAnnual nominal GDP at current market prices, in source-reported current US dollars. Excludes purchasing-power-parity GDP and real GDP growth. Explicit 2026 economic-table year column; USD 52.2bn. The table was compiled in the November 2025 IISS assessment; this annual figure is an assessment/estimate and does not assert a final audited outturn. The explicit 2026 column is forward-looking relative to the November 2025 assessment and is retained as a forecast, not an observed final outturn. |
Population DefinitionTotal resident population; retain the source's reference year. | 1,366,475people · 2025 annual observationSingle source2025 annual observation. Midyear resident population estimate. | 1,847,785people · 2025 annual observationSingle source2025 annual observation. Midyear resident population estimate. |
Reserve personnel DefinitionReported reserve personnel, with mobilisation and training definitions stated in notes. | 18,000Estimate · people · November 2025 IISS assessmentSingle sourceNational military reserve pool; excludes the separately reported active and paramilitary personnel. Training/mobilisation definitions remain source-specific. | 22,000Estimate · people · November 2025 IISS assessmentSingle sourceNational military reserve pool; excludes the separately reported active and paramilitary personnel. Training/mobilisation definitions remain source-specific. |
Combat aircraft DefinitionIn-service fixed-wing combat aircraft; exclude stored, retired and ordered aircraft. In service does not establish readiness. | —Not yet documented | —Not yet documented |
Main battle tanks DefinitionIn-service main battle tanks; exclude storage and orders. | —Not yet documented | —Not yet documented |
Major surface combatants DefinitionCommissioned cruisers, destroyers and frigates. Exclude patrol craft and support vessels. | —Not yet documented | —Not yet documented |
Nuclear warheads DefinitionWarheads in the military stockpile, deployed or in reserve; exclude retired warheads awaiting dismantlement. Independent estimates, labelled as such. | —Not yet documented | —Not yet documented |
Submarines DefinitionCommissioned submarines; exclude vessels on order and decommissioned vessels. | —Not yet documented | —Not yet documented |
Transport aircraft DefinitionIn-service dedicated fixed-wing military transport aircraft; exclude trainers and orders. | —Not yet documented | —Not yet documented |
EQUIPMENT & WEAPONS
Equipment listed in inventory and operator sources, grouped by force and category. Sourced quantities retain their date, variant coverage and inventory status. Equipment without a documented count is listed by type.
151 matching equipment types
| Equipment | Estonia | Latvia |
|---|---|---|
| Support aircraft | ||
| Antonov An-2 | — | 4Latvian Air Force · 2026Wikipedia |
| Pelegrin Tarragon | — | 2Latvian Air Force · 2022Wikipedia |
| PZL M28 Skytruck | 2Air Force · 2025 | — |
| Trainer aircraft | ||
| Aero L-39 Albatros | ≥1Air Force · 2025 | In service |
| Helicopters | ||
| Bell 206 | — | 2State Border Guard · 2025 |
| Mil Mi-17 | — | 42024 |
| Robinson R44 | 32024 | — |
| UH-60 Black Hawk | — | 3Latvian Air Force · 2025Wikipedia |
| Drones & UAVs | ||
| AeroVironment RQ-20 Puma | In service | In service |
| Equipment | Estonia | Latvia |
|---|---|---|
| Armoured vehicles | ||
| BTR-80 | 132017Wikipedia | — |
| Combat Vehicle Reconnaissance (Tracked) | — | In service |
| CV90 | 442019Wikipedia | — |
| FV103 Spartan | — | In service |
| FV105 Sultan | — | In service |
| FV107 Scimitar | — | 197Army · 2025 197Latvian Land Forces · 2025 |
| Land Rover Defender | — | 2Latvian Land Forces · 2026Wikipedia |
| Mamba APC | In service | — |
| Otokar Arma | 1302026Wikipedia | — |
| Patria 6×6 | — | 90Army · 2025 |
| Patria Pasi | 56Army · 2025 | — |
| Artillery | ||
| 122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30) | In service | — |
| Equipment | Estonia | Latvia |
|---|---|---|
| Air defence | ||
| Mistral (missile) | 2092007Wikipedia | — |
| Anti-aircraft guns | ||
| ZPU | — | In service |
| ZU-23-2 | 982026Wikipedia | In service |
| Portable air defence | ||
| FIM-92 Stinger | — | In service |
| Piorun (missile) | 1002026Wikipedia | In service |
| RBS 70 | — | In service |
| Ballistic missiles | ||
| ATACMS | In service | — |
| Cruise & anti-ship missiles | ||
| Gabriel (missile) | In service | — |
| Naval Strike Missile | — | In service |
| Missiles | ||
| IRIS-T | In service | In service |
| Equipment | Estonia | Latvia |
|---|---|---|
| Small arms | ||
| Accuracy International Arctic Warfare | — | In service |
| Accuracy International AX50 | — | In service |
| AK-74 | In service | In service |
| Automatkarbin 4 | In service | In service |
| Barrett M82 | — | In service |
| Benelli M3 | In service | — |
| Browning Hi-Power | In service | — |
| Brügger & Thomet GL06 | In service | — |
| Carl Gustaf m/45 | In service | — |
| FN MAG | In service | In service |
| FN Minimi | — | In service |
| Glock | In service | In service |
| Equipment | Estonia | Latvia |
|---|---|---|
| Remote weapon stations | ||
| Protector RWS | In service | — |
| Equipment | Estonia | Latvia |
|---|---|---|
| Radar & sensors | ||
| AN/FPS-117 | 12010Wikipedia | In service |
| AN/MPQ-64 Sentinel | — | In service |
| Giraffe radar | In service | In service |
| Ground Master 400 | In service | — |
| IAI Harpy | In service | — |
| VERA passive sensor | 12010Wikipedia | — |
Coverage is incomplete. “Not documented” means no linked inventory evidence, not zero equipment. Methodology ↗
Points represent sourced observations, including revisions. Revisions on the same effective date are not separate inventory events. Ranges appear in the table and are not plotted as exact points.
| Observation / report period | Value | Source | Claim state |
|---|---|---|---|
| November 2025 IISS population assessment | 1,340,478 people | International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) | superseded |
A shared land boundary is represented in the Natural Earth dataset. Approximate separation between the dataset’s country label points: 200 km.
Generalized geography from Natural Earth 1:110m, version 5.1.1. Label-point distance is calculated on a sphere and rounded to the nearest 100 km; it is not a capital-to-capital distance, route, border distance or operational range. Dataset boundaries do not imply recognition of territorial claims.
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:110m, v5.1.1 · Public domain · Research catalogue highlighted
Estonia11.0Ranked #49+2.7Latvia7.6Ranked #70+0.9Scores out of 100 on the ForceTally Index. Each bar splits in proportion to the two scores. A point at the centre of the chart means no sourced figure for that part.
Points represent sourced observations, including revisions. Revisions on the same effective date are not separate inventory events. Ranges appear in the table and are not plotted as exact points.
| Observation / report period | Value | Source | Claim state |
|---|---|---|---|
| November 2025 IISS population assessment | 1,888,439 people | International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) | superseded |