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Combat aircraftIn service
Multirole aircraft , strike aircraft
Panavia Tornado is a multirole aircraft , strike aircraft originating in Italy, West Germany, United Kingdom. It was built by Panavia Aircraft GmbH. Reported operators include German Air Force Italian Air Force Royal Saudi Air Force Royal Air Force (historical).
Italy, West Germany, United KingdomPanavia Tornado
U.S. Navy photo by Photographer’s Mate 2nd Class Michael Sandberg. · Public domain · Resized · Public domain · Source ↗ · ModifiedMultirole aircraft , strike aircraft
Italy, West Germany, United Kingdom
Panavia Aircraft GmbH
In service
German Air Force Italian Air Force Royal Saudi Air Force Royal Air Force (historical)
990: 745, Tornado IDS 194, Tornado ADV 0 51, Tornado ECR
1979–1998
1979
14 August 1974
2019 (RAF)
Panavia Tornado ADV
2
16.72 m (54 ft 10 in)
13.91 m (45 ft 8 in) at 25° sweep
5.95 m (19 ft 6 in)
26.6 m 2 (286 sq ft)
13,890 kg (30,622 lb)
20,410 kg (44,996 lb)
27,215 kg (59,999 lb)
6,350 kg (14,000 lb) internal
2 × Turbo-Union RB199 -34R Mk 103 afterburning 3-spool turbofan, 43.8 kN (9,800 lbf) thrust each dry, 76.8 kN (17,300 lbf) with afterburner
2,400 km/h (1,500 mph, 1,300 kn) at 9,000 m (30,000 ft)
3,148 km (1,956 mi, 1,700 nmi) Combat radius Hi-Lo-Hi >850 nmi (>1574 km), combat radius Lo-Lo-Lo >500 nmi (>926 km), Hi-Hi-Hi with 1 hour loiter >700 nmi (> 1296 km).
3,890 km (2,420 mi, 2,100 nmi)
15,240 m (50,000 ft)
1 × 27 mm (1.06 in) Mauser BK-27 revolver cannon internally mounted under starboard side of fuselage with 180 rounds
3 × under-fuselage and 4 × under-wing pylon stations with a capacity of 9,000 kg (19,800 lb), with provisions to carry combinations of: Missiles: 2 × AIM-9 Sidewinder (AIM-9B / AIM-9G / AIM-9L) (GR.1) or AIM-132 ASRAAM air-to-air missiles for self-defence (GR.4) 12 × Brimstone air-to-surface missile ; or 2 × Storm Shadow cruise missile 9 × ALARM anti-radiation missile Bombs: 5 × 500 lb (230 kg) Paveway IV ; or 3 × 1,000 lb (450 kg) (UK Mk 20) Paveway II/Enhanced Paveway II ; or 2 × 2,000 lb (910 kg) Paveway III (GBU-24)/Enhanced Paveway III (EGBU-24) ; or BL755 cluster bombs ; or Up to 2 × JP233 or MW-1 or Skyshark munitions dispensers (for runway cratering operations) Up to 4 × B61 or WE.177 tactical nuclear weapons Other: Up to 4 × drop tanks for ferry flight/extended range/flight time
8.60 m (28 ft 3 in) swept at 67° sweep
30,000 ft in less than 2 minutes from brake release
767 kg/m 2 (157 lb/sq ft)
0.77
2 × AIM-9 Sidewinder (AIM-9B / AIM-9G / AIM-9L) (GR.1) or AIM-132 ASRAAM air-to-air missiles for self-defence (GR.4) 12 × Brimstone air-to-surface missile ; or 2 × Storm Shadow cruise missile 9 × ALARM anti-radiation missile
5 × 500 lb (230 kg) Paveway IV ; or 3 × 1,000 lb (450 kg) (UK Mk 20) Paveway II/Enhanced Paveway II ; or 2 × 2,000 lb (910 kg) Paveway III (GBU-24)/Enhanced Paveway III (EGBU-24) ; or BL755 cluster bombs ; or Up to 2 × JP233 or MW-1 or Skyshark munitions dispensers (for runway cratering operations) Up to 4 × B61 or WE.177 tactical nuclear weapons
Up to 4 × drop tanks for ferry flight/extended range/flight time
Reference text from Wikipedia contributors, used under CC BY-SA 4.0.
True scale
Sourced dimensions beside a 1.75 m human reference.
Points represent sourced observations, including revisions. Revisions on the same effective date are not separate inventory events. Ranges appear in the table and are not plotted as exact points.
| Observation / report period | Value | Source | Claim state |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28 Sept 2026 | 16.72 m | Wikipedia contributors | superseded |
| 28 Sept 2026 | 16.72 m | Wikipedia contributors | superseded |
| 28 Sept 2026 | 16.72 m | Wikipedia contributors | approved |
Panavia Tornado equipment records. Variants, orders and quantities are shown as reported in each inventory source; coverage is incomplete.
GermanyReported count for Panavia Tornado · IDS / Panavia Tornado · ECR / Panavia Tornado · IDS trainer. Service scope: Current fleet of the German Air Force; does not replace a national total. 3 distinct count cell(s) from the same source list; shared rowspan cells counted once. Retired, wholly reserve and on-order rows are excluded; the reported count retains any explicitly mixed stock scope in the quoted row. Count column(s): in service: 63 / in service: 21 / in service: 2. Origin: Germany Italy United Kingdom. The listed variants/roles are the scope, not an immediately deployable count. Dates are the count-cell citations' stated source period (2026), not the article revision. 2026 cited source edition. Edition or publication years do not claim an exact inventory census day.
ItalyReported count for Tornado · IDS / Tornado · ECR. Service scope: Air Force; does not replace a national total. 3 distinct count cell(s) from the same source list; shared rowspan cells counted once. Retired, wholly reserve and on-order rows are excluded; the reported count retains any explicitly mixed stock scope in the quoted row. Count column(s): in service: 19 / in service: 12 / in service: 4. Origin: UK Germany Italy. The listed variants/roles are the scope, not an immediately deployable count. Dates are the count-cell citations' stated source period (2026), not the article revision. 2026 cited source edition. Edition or publication years do not claim an exact inventory census day.
Saudi ArabiaAir Force exact named equipment holdings: Tornado IDS. Active, operational-reserve and training units excluding equipment in store; November 2025 IISS assessment. Named service only; no parent-force or national total inferred. Source role: AIRCRAFT / ATK. Original estimates, ranges, reporting names, reserve, lease and employment scopes retained; nested included counts are not added. Missile-system quantities mean launchers, not rounds. No readiness, crew, carried weapon, payload, factory-production or future order count inherited.
German Air Force Italian Air Force Royal Saudi Air Force Royal Air Force (historical)
Equipment reference ↗Reported count for Panavia Tornado · IDS. Service scope: Royal Saudi Air Force; does not replace a national total. 1 distinct count cell(s) from the same source list; shared rowspan cells counted once. Retired, wholly reserve and on-order rows are excluded; the reported count retains any explicitly mixed stock scope in the quoted row. Count column(s): in service: 81. Origin: Italy / UK / Germany. The listed variants/roles are the scope, not an immediately deployable count. Dates are the count-cell citations' stated source period (2025), not the article revision. 2025 cited publication year. Edition or publication years do not claim an exact inventory census day.