R-27 (air-to-air missile)

High performance, w. directed-rocket motor Solid-fuel rocket motor

R-27T: up to 40 km (25 mi) R-27T1: up to 80 km (50 mi) R-27ET: up to 120 km (75 mi) R-27ET1: up to 80 km (50 mi) R-27R: up to 73 km (45 mi) R-27R1: up to 75 km (47 mi) R-27ER: up to 130 km (81 mi) R-27ER1: up to 100 km (62 mi) R-27P: up to 80 km (50 mi) R-27EP: up to 130 km (81 mi) R-27EA: up to 130 km (81 mi) R-27EM: up to 130 km (81 mi)

N/A

Mach 4.5-5.8 (version dependent)

Semi-active radar homing (R-27R/ER/EM) Active-radar homing (R-27A/EA) Infrared homing (R-27T/ET) Passive-radiation homing (R-27P/EP)

Su-27 , Su-30 , Su-33 , Su-34 , Su-35 , Su-37 , F-14 (done by Iran), MiG-23 , MiG-29 , Yak-141 , J-11 (done by China), local conversion as a surface-to-air missile in Yemen

Algeria

Angola

Armenia − R-27R

Azerbaijan − R-27T and R-27R

Bangladesh − R-27R

Belarus − R-27R and R-27ER

Bulgaria − R-27R

China − R-27T and R-27R Used by the PLAAF and PLANAF

Cuba

Eritrea

Ethiopia

India − Used by the Air Force and Navy

Indonesia

Iran − R-27T and R-27R

Kazakhstan − R-27T, R-27ER, and R-27R

Libyan National Army − R-27T

Malaysia

Myanmar

North Korea − R-27R/ER

Peru

Poland − R-27R

Russia − R-27T/ET, R-27R/ER, and R-27P/EP used by the Air Force; R-27T/ET used by the Navy

Serbia − R-27ER

Sudan

Syria

Uganda

Ukraine − R-27ET, R-27ET1, R-27ER and R-27ER1

Uzbekistan

Venezuela − R-27T/ET and R-27R/ER

Vietnam

Czechoslovakia

Czech Republic

East Germany − Passed on to Germany after the German reunification

Germany

Hungary

Iraq

Romania

Soviet Union − Passed on to successor states

Slovakia

Yemen

Yugoslavia − Passed on to successor states

The Vympel R-27 ( Russian : Вымпел Р-27; NATO reporting name AA-10 Alamo ) is a family of air-to-air missiles developed by the Soviet Union during the late Cold War -era.

R-27R: AA-10 Alamo-A , semi-active radar homing . Missile can be used at 20–25,000 m (66–82,021 ft) altitude (launch platform or target). Effective kill range for a target at same altitude: 2–42.5 km (1.2–26.4 mi) head-on, 0.7–7.5 km (0.43–4.66 mi) tail-on. Maximum range: 73 km (45 mi). Maximum allowed vertical separation between target and launch platform: +/− 10 km (6.2 mi).

R-27R1: Export model of the R-27R. The missile has a maximum range of 75 kilometres (47 mi) with 39 kg (86 lb) warhead.

R-27T: AA-10 Alamo-B , infrared homing , passive homing using the Avtomatika 9B-1032 (PRGS-27) IR seeker head. Missile can be used at 20–25,000 m (66–82,021 ft) altitude. Effective kill range for a target at same altitude: 2–33 km (1.2–20.5 mi) head-on, 0–5.5 km (0.0–3.4 mi) tail-on. Maximum range: 63 km (39 mi). Maximum allowed vertical separation: +/− 10 km (6.2 mi).

R-27T1: Export model of the R-27T. The missile has a maximum range of 80 kilometres (50 mi) with 39 kg (86 lb) warhead.

R-27ER: AA-10 Alamo-C , the semi-active-radar homing extended-range version. Missile can be used at 20–27,000 m (66–88,583 ft) altitude. Effective kill range for a target at same altitude: 2–65.5 km (1.2–40.7 mi) head-on, 0.7–16.5 km (0.43–10.25 mi) tail-on. Missile cannot be fired at altitude less than 3 km (1.9 mi) against a target with background earth, if launch range is less than 6 km (3.7 mi). Maximum range: 117 km (73 mi). Maximum allowed vertical separation: 12 km (7.5 mi).

R-27ER1: Export model of the R-27ER. The missile has a maximum range of 100 kilometres (62 mi) with 39 kg (86 lb) warhead.

R-27ET: AA-10 Alamo-D , the infrared-homing extended-range version, Weight 348 kg (767 lb). Missile can be used at 20–27,000 m (66–88,583 ft) altitude. Effective kill range: 2–52.5 km (1.2–32.6 mi) head-on, 0.7–12.5 km (0.43–7.77 mi) tail-on. Maximum range: 104 km (65 mi). Maximum allowed vertical separation: 12 km (7.5 mi).

R-27ET1: Export model of the R-27ET. The missile has a maximum range of 80 kilometres (50 mi) with 39 kg (86 lb) warhead.

R-27R and ER variants can be used in any meteorological conditions. Launch can be made at less than 5 g overload and less than 50 deg/s roll rate. It is allowed to redesignate targets during flight, and can share target illumination with other aircraft.

R-27T and ET variants can be used out of cloudiness, at least 15 degrees away from the bearing of sun, and 4 degrees away from the bearing of moon and ground-based heat-contrasting conditions. In cases of maximum head-on range launches where lock-command cannot be utilized, missile can not be fired. Seeker must acquire target before launch. On the combat operations section of the Su-27 manual, this is especially recommended for head-on usage for passive attacks at targets with 0 degrees approach angle (i.e. another fighter moving to intercept), leaving target unalerted to the incoming missile. Launch can be made at 0 to 7 g , but limited to 6 g if roll induced slip is more than 2× diameter of the ball.

R-27P AA-10 Alamo-E , passive radiation homing with a range of up to 72 km (45 mi). . This variant was developed in tandem with the R and T versions, intended to destroy any radar emitting air targets by homing in on their emissions, for example fighters and AWACS . The first test launches were conducted in 1984 from a MiG-29, and the missile considered ready for service in 1987. However it wouldn't be used until much later as the radar warning receivers in use at the time were not precise enough and didn't provide enough target information for reliable targeting. With the introduction of the L-150 "Pastel" RWR, that would be fixed, and it was first offered for export in early 2004.

R-27EP AA-10 Alamo-F , a longer range passive anti-radiation missile with a range of up to 110 km (68 mi). It uses the same seeker as the R-27P, but with the stronger motor found on the R-27ER.

R-27EA(K-27EA) , active radar homing with 9B-1103 active seeker, range of >130 km (81 mi). This was a proposed longer ranged version of the aforementioned K-27A with the R-27ER motor, cancelled at the same time as the 27A in 1989. None were made.

R-27EM(K-27EM) , semi-active radar homing with RGS-31 semi-active seeker, range of 130 km (81 mi). This was intended to be a combined guidance version with an inertial control system and linear radio correction, which would have mitigated multipath interference and allowed it to hit extremely low targets. No missiles were produced, but several RGS-31 seeker heads were built and bench tested before funding was cut in July 1991.

On 21 March 2018, Houthi rebels released a video where they hit and possibly shot down a Saudi F-15 in Saada province . In the video, an R-27T air-to-air missile adapted for surface to air use appeared to have successfully hit a jet. As in the video of the previous similar hit recorded on 8 January, the target, while clearly hit, did not appear to be downed. The Saudi forces confirmed the hit, while saying the jet safely landed at a Saudi base. Saudi official sources confirmed the incident reporting that it happened at 3:48 pm local time after a surface-to-air missile was launched at the fighter jet from inside Saada airport.