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TanksIn service
Main battle tank
PT-91 Twardy is a main battle tank originating in Poland. It was built by Bumar-Łabędy.
PolandTechnical data
True scale
Sourced dimensions beside a 1.75 m human reference.
Points represent sourced observations, including revisions. Revisions on the same effective date are not separate inventory events. Ranges appear in the table and are not plotted as exact points.
| Observation / report period | Value | Source | Claim state |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28 Sept 2026 | 6.95 m | Wikipedia contributors | superseded |
Main battle tank
Poland
See Users
Russo-Ukrainian War Russian invasion of Ukraine
Bumar-Łabędy
Around 285
45.9 tonnes (101,000 lb)
6.95 m (9.67 with barrel in forward position)
3.59 m
2.19 m
3
Composite armour; front and side armour laminated; front, side and top armour behind Erawa-1/Erawa-2 ERA, steel side anti-cumulative screens
1 × 125 mm 2A46 (D-81TM) gun (42 rounds)
1 × 7.62mm PKT coaxial general-purpose machine gun (2,000 rounds) 1 × 12.7 mm NSV T heavy machine gun (300 rounds)
PZL-Wola S-12U diesel 850 hp (630 kW)
18.5 hp/tonne (13.8 kW/tonne)
Manual
torsion-bar
395 mm
1,000 L
650 km (700 km with extra fuel tanks)
60 km/h
Reference text from Wikipedia contributors, used under CC BY-SA 4.0.
PT-91 Twardy equipment records. Variants, orders and quantities are shown as reported in each inventory source; coverage is incomplete.
MalaysiaArmy exact named equipment holdings: PT-91M Pendekar. Active, operational-reserve and training units excluding equipment in store; November 2025 IISS assessment. Named service only; no parent-force or national total inferred. Source role: ARMOURED FIGHTING VEHICLES / MBT. Original estimates, ranges, reporting names, reserve, lease and employment scopes retained; nested included counts are not added. Missile-system quantities mean launchers, not rounds. No readiness, crew, carried weapon, payload, factory-production or future order count inherited.
Reported count for PT-91M Pendekar / SJ-09. Service scope: Malaysian Army; does not replace a national total. 2 distinct count cell(s) from the same source list; shared rowspan cells counted once. Excludes retired/reserve/on-order rows. Count column(s): quantity: 48 / quantity: 1. Origin: Poland. The listed variants/roles are the scope, not an immediately deployable count. The components do not establish one inventory census date; the stored date is the retrieved source snapshot.
PolandArmy exact named equipment holdings: PT-91 Twardy. Active, operational-reserve and training units excluding equipment in store; November 2025 IISS assessment. Named service only; no parent-force or national total inferred. Source role: ARMOURED FIGHTING VEHICLES / MBT. Original estimates, ranges, reporting names, reserve, lease and employment scopes retained; nested included counts are not added. Missile-system quantities mean launchers, not rounds. No readiness, crew, carried weapon, payload, factory-production or future order count inherited.
Army holdings of the exact named PT-91 Twardy component: active, reserve operational and training units, excluding equipment in store. This is a service-scoped observation, not a national total or combat-readiness count. No parent-design, sibling-variant, heading aggregate or mounted-weapon total is inherited.
UkraineReported count for PT-91 Twardy. Country-wide list; no individual service specified. 1 distinct count cell(s) from the same source list; shared rowspan cells counted once. Retired, wholly reserve and on-order rows are excluded; the reported count retains any explicitly mixed stock scope in the quoted row. Count column(s): number: 26. Origin: Poland. The listed variants/roles are the scope, not an immediately deployable count. Dates are the count-cell citations' stated source period (2024), not the article revision. 2024 cited reference period. Edition or publication years do not claim an exact inventory census day.