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Straight pull bolt-action rifle
Mannlicher M1895 is a straight pull bolt-action rifle originating in Austria-Hungary. It was built by 1896–1918: Œ.W.G. in Steyr 1897–1926: F.G.GY. in Budapest 1918–1920: Zbrojovka Brno. Reported operators include Albania, Arab League, Austria-Hungary, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Finland, Ethiopian Empire, Nazi Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Kenya, Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization, Poland, Qing dynasty, Romania, Russian Empire, Serbia, Soviet Union, Francoist Spain, Spanish Republic, Ukraine, Yemen, Yugoslavia.
Austria-HungaryStraight pull bolt-action rifle
Austria-Hungary
1895–1918 ( Austria-Hungary ) 1895–present (Other nations, ceremonial)
See Users
First Sino-Japanese War Boxer Rebellion Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising First Balkan War Second Balkan War World War I Russian Civil War Austro-Slovene conflict in Carinthia Revolutions and interventions in Hungary Polish-Soviet War Austrian Civil War Second Italo-Ethiopian War Spanish Civil War Sudeten German uprising World War II Greek Civil War 1948 Arab–Israeli War 1958 Lebanon crisis Lebanese Civil War Rhodesian Bush War
Ferdinand Mannlicher
1895
1896–1918: Œ.W.G. in Steyr 1897–1926: F.G.GY. in Budapest 1918–1920: Zbrojovka Brno
1896–1920s
approx. 3,500,000
See Variants
Rifle: 3.78 kg (8.3 lb) Carbine: 3.4 kg (7.5 lb)
Rifle: 1,272 mm (50.1 in) Carbine: 1,003 mm (39.5 in)
Rifle: 765 mm (30.1 in) Carbine: 500 mm (19.7 in)
M95: 8×50mmR Mannlicher M95/30 & 31.M: 8×56mmR M95/24 & M95M: 7.92×57mm Mauser
Straight-pull bolt action
approx. 20–25 rounds/min
M93 (8×50mmR): 620 m/s (2,000 ft/s) M30 (8×56mmR): 720 m/s (2,400 ft/s)
5-round internal box magazine, loaded with 5-round en bloc clips or ( stripper clips in M95/24 and M95M variants)
Rear V-notch flip-up sight and front post ( telescopic sight on sniper variant)
Albania : Approx. 4000 rifles were ordered by the Albanian Revolutionary Committee in 1911 . Albania also received a number of rifles after First World War as war reparations.
Arab League : Some Italian M1895 rifles were used in a limited capacity by Arab forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
Austria-Hungary : In service from 1895 to Dissolution of Austria-Hungary in 1918. Mainly saw action during World War I as the standard-issue rifle of the Austro-Hungarian Army .
Kingdom of Bulgaria : Starting in 1898 Bulgaria began importing M95 Mannlicher rifles, in the beginning exclusively from Steyr and later also from Budapest . Approx. 83,000 long rifles and 2,000 carbines were imported. These can be identified by a Bulgarian lion crest stamped on chamber and the manufacturer's name on the left side of the receiver. M95s, including guns captured by the USSR, were used by the post-war People's Republic of Bulgaria .
Czechoslovakia : Czechoslovakia had about 200,000 Mannlicher M95s in their possession-they were considered the standard rifle until the adoption of the Vz. 98/22 and subsequent Vz. 24 . The Zbrojovka Brno factory manufactured an unknown number of M95 barrels, stocks and barrel bands before switching to Mauser series production. Most were sold to Bulgaria in the 1930s, but some remained in storage until World War II.
Finland : Finland obtained approximately 2300 rifles during the 1920s in the 8×50mmR Mannlicher caliber. They were marked SA and are valuable among collectors.
Ethiopian Empire : acquired Mannlicher rifles during the interwar period , mostly in the original 8×50mmR caliber (though some M95/30s have been found in Ethiopian storage). Some ex-Italian carbines were also used until 1946.
Nazi Germany : Used by German police and Volkssturm during World War II.
Greece : Greece had a number of M95/24 and M95M rifles chambered for the 7.92×57mm Mauser , most likely of Yugoslavian (Serbian) origin, and were carried to Greece by Yugoslavian forces escaping from the Germans during World War 2. After the Axis occupation of Greece in April 1941, the guns arrived at the disposal of the Wehrmacht under the designation Gewehr 306(g) for the Rifle Model 1895, Karabiner 494(g) for the Carbine Model 1895/24, and Karabiner 505(g) for the Carbine Model 1895.
Hungary : After the dissolution of the dual monarchy, the Hungarian part was allowed to keep 57776 M95 rifles and carbines, however by 1921 115000 were in the possession of the Army, by the start of WW2 some 500,000 were available . Some 31M rifles are still used for ceremonial purposes.
Israel : Some Italian M1895 rifles were used in a limited capacity by Israeli forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
Italy : Captured on the Italian Front and received as war reparations. By 1937, over 200,000 M.95s in the original caliber were stockpiled in Italian East Africa . They were predominately used by colonial troops . These are often marked AOI for Africa Orientale Italiana . Rifles captured by the British were shipped to India as trainers.
Kenya : very limited numbers
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization : Supplied by the Kingdom of Bulgaria .
Poland : Surplus Austro-Hungarian rifles were used during the Polish-Soviet War and more were received by armed police in the 1920s. Many were sold as aid to the Spanish Republicans in the late 1930s.
Qing dynasty : The elite Wuwei Corps was equipped with a significant number of imported Mannlicher rifles.
Romania : Purchased during the Balkan wars, later captured or obtained from Russia and initially issued to second line troops. During the interwar period, under a process called "unified armament" ( Romanian : "armament unificat"), many Mannlichers M1895 rifles, carabines and Schwarzlose HMGs were re-bored to 7.92×57mm Mauser to use the same ammo as the standard Romanian weapons ( ZB vz. 24 rifles , ZB vz.30 LMG , ZB vz. 37 HMG etc). The rifles and carbines were appreciated by cavalry units for its accuracy and better rate of fire and was still in use in World War II.
Russian Empire : During the First World War , captured rifles were widely used in the Russian army because of the lack of domestic rifles and cartridges for them. Russian captured rifles may carry a Cyrillic letter П (P). Russian efforts to convert their service rifle, the turning bolt-action Mosin–Nagant to self-loading action were unsuccessful, that's why they decided to alter the straight-pull Mannlicher M1895 rifle, but arrived to the conclusion that development of automatic rifles requires a different approach by inventors.
Serbia : Captured during the Balkan Wars from Bulgaria and Austria-Hungary during World War I, also received as war reparations in original caliber. Passed on to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
Soviet Union : A sizeable quantity of M1895 rifles were captured by the Red Army during the Russian Civil War . Some were also purchased from the Polish government during the interwar period.
Francoist Spain : During the Spanish Civil War, the Soviet NKVD Agency supplied the Republican Forces in Spain with 20,000 Mannlicher Wz.95 rifles and carbines purchased from the Polish Ministry of Defense. The rifle shipment did not reach its intended users; it was captured by Franco's Nationalists. Most Spanish Civil War weapons ended up on the U.S. surplus market during 1959–62. These guns may have additional Spanish Civil War markings and various graffiti.
Spanish Republic : Received a small shipment of M1895s from the Soviet Union and Poland, which were used in the Spanish Civil War.
Ukraine : In service with the Ukrainian Galician Army .
Yemen
Yugoslavia : Yugoslavia inherited a great number of Mannlicher rifles from territories that were part of Austria-Hungary up to the end of First World War and from the Kingdom of Serbia. Rifles in original configuration were used by the Gendarmerie . Around 122,000 were converted to 7.92×57mm Mauser caliber as the M95/24 and M95M. M95M rifles captured by the Wehrmacht under the designation Gewehr 294(j) (despite being considered a carbine by the Yugoslavs), with unconverted M95 rifles and carbines receiving the designation Gewehr 306(j) and Karabiner 505(j) respectively. Some were used by the post-war Yugoslav People's Army .
Reference text from Wikipedia contributors, used under CC BY-SA 4.0.
True scale
Sourced dimensions beside a 1.75 m human reference.
Mannlicher M1895 equipment records. Variants, orders and quantities are shown as reported in each inventory source; coverage is incomplete.
Albania
Bulgaria
Finland
Greece Hungary
Israel
Italy
Kenya
Malaysia
New Zealand
Poland
Romania
Serbia
Ukraine
YemenAlbania, Arab League, Austria-Hungary, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Finland, Ethiopian Empire, Nazi Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Kenya, Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization, Poland, Qing dynasty, Romania, Russian Empire, Serbia, Soviet Union, Francoist Spain, Spanish Republic, Ukraine, Yemen, Yugoslavia
Equipment reference ↗