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Self-propelled artillery
M44 self-propelled howitzer is a self-propelled artillery originating in United States. It was built by Massey Harris. Reported operators include United States, United Kingdom, West Germany, Belgium, Greece, Italy, Taiwan, Türkiye, Japan, Spain.
United StatesM44 self-propelled howitzer
Yaco Erisso · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Resized · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Source ↗ · ModifiedTechnical data
Self-propelled artillery
United States
Kurdish–Turkish conflict
32 short tons (29,000 kg)
6.16 metres (20 ft 3 in)
3.24 metres (10 ft 8 in)
3.11 metres (10 ft 2 in)
5 (2 Loaders, Gunner, Commander, Driver)
separate loading, bagged charge
155 mm L/23 caliber
interrupted screw
−5 to 65 degrees
30 degrees
Sustained: 1 rpm Rapid: 4 rpm
1,850 ft/s (560 m/s)
Conventional: 14.6 km (9.1 mi)
16,000 yards (15,000 m)
12 millimetres (0.47 in)
M114 155mm howitzer
M2HB .50 caliber machine gun
Continental AOS-895-3 450 hp (340 kW)
torsion bar
75 miles (121 km)
35 mph (56 km/h)
United States : 250 produced
United Kingdom : 58 received in 1955, serving until 1968
West Germany : All retired
Belgium : In service from 1956 to 1967. 25 in stock in 1983
Greece : All retired
Italy : Served in the heavy battalion of Italian Armored divisions, including the Ariete division until 1970.
Taiwan : 48, All retired.
Turkey : 222 upgraded to M44T variant by Rheinmetall between 1986 and 1992.
Japan : 10 served from 1965 to 1980s, replaced by the Type 75
Spain : All retired
The M44 was an American-made self-propelled 155 mm howitzer based on the M41 Walker Bulldog tank chassis, first introduced in the early 1950s.
After 250 had already been produced by the Massey Harris company, it was discovered that firing the howitzer discharged poisonous fumes into the gun compartment, leading to the cancellation of the order.
The M44 was an American-made self-propelled 155 mm howitzer based on the M41 Walker Bulldog tank chassis, first introduced in the early 1950s. Flaws in its design prevented it from seeing action in the Korean War , but the type went on to serve in the armies of the United States, West Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom into the late Cold War period, and even longer in Turkish service.
After WWII the US Army sought to replace the M41 Howitzer Motor Carriage with a better SPH using the drive train of the future light tank then developed (originally T37, later T41 and finally M41 ), giving it increased battlefield mobility. Unlike the M41 and the earlier M12 Gun Motor Carriage , the T99 was to have an enclosed gun compartment, giving the five-man crew some armor protection even when firing the cannon. The 155mm cannon, designated T97, was to be a radically new design, with a muzzle brake , bore evacuator and new, separately-loaded ammunition with metal cartridge cases. T99 should also have had a revolutionary gun control system.
In 1986, 222 Turkish Army M44s were extensively upgraded with 36 caliber 155mm howitzers by Rheinmetall with an increased range of 24.7 km. An MTU MB 833 Aa-501 V-6 water-cooled diesel developing 450 hp at 2,300 rpm coupled to the original Allison CD-500-3 transmission via a ZF gearbox was fitted. There were numerous other improvements such as upgraded suspension, tracks and fire control and increased fuel capacity. The driver's position was moved into the hull. The last was delivered in 1992. Some sources claim they have now been withdrawn, but two were seen in a video by the Russian news agency RT , allegedly firing into Northern Syria from a border post inside Turkey in 2015.
M44A1: M44s upgraded with AOS-895-6 engine, increasing range to 82 miles.
M44T: 222 Turkish vehicles upgraded with 36 caliber 155 mm howitzers with range of 24.7 km, new engines with greatly increased range, reconfigured driver's seat, fire control and other upgrades. Upgrades conducted between 1986 and 1992.
Reference text from Wikipedia contributors, used under CC BY-SA 4.0.
True scale
Sourced dimensions beside a 1.75 m human reference.
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Points represent sourced observations, including revisions. Revisions on the same effective date are not separate inventory events. Ranges appear in the table and are not plotted as exact points.
| Observation / report period | Value | Source | Claim state |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28 Sept 2026 | 155 mm | Wikipedia contributors | superseded |
M44 self-propelled howitzer equipment records. Variants, orders and quantities are shown as reported in each inventory source; coverage is incomplete.
Belgium
Greece
Italy
Japan
Spain
TaiwanArmy exact named equipment holdings: M44T. Active, operational-reserve and training units excluding equipment in store; November 2025 IISS assessment. Named service only; no parent-force or national total inferred. Source role: ARTILLERY / 155mm. Original estimates, ranges, reporting names, reserve, lease and employment scopes retained; nested included counts are not added. Missile-system quantities mean launchers, not rounds. No readiness, crew, carried weapon, payload, factory-production or future order count inherited.
Türkiye
United Kingdom United StatesUnited States, United Kingdom, West Germany, Belgium, Greece, Italy, Taiwan, Türkiye, Japan, Spain
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