Palmaria (artillery) vs PLZ-89

1977–1986^[source]

235^[source]

155 mm L/41 howitzer (30 rounds)^[source]

122 mm howitzer^[source]

1x 7.62 mm or 12.7 mm machine gun in pintle mount^[source]

12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine gun/2 sets of 4-barrel grenade launchers^[source]

16.1 PS/tonne^[source]

torsion bar^[source]

Torsion bar^[source]

The Palmaria is an Italian self-propelled howitzer using the 155 mm (6.1″) NATO -standard artillery calibre.^[source]Palmaria (artillery) · Lead; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

The primary armament is a 155 mm howitzer, with a secondary 7.62 mm machine gun or 12.7 mm machine gun on anti-aircraft mount and four 76 mm forward-facing smoke grenade dischargers on either side of the turret. The howitzer has an automatic loading system, providing a rate of fire of one round every 15 seconds or a burst-fire rate of three rounds every 25 seconds. The loader has 23 ready rounds, with seven more rounds stored in the hull. Including manual reloading of the charge, the overall firing rate is normally one round per minute for one hour. Intense firing is four rounds in one minute. Sustained fire is one round every three minutes for an indefinite period. A wide variety of 155 mm munitions are available, including specially developed Simmel rounds with a range of 24.7 km and rocket-assisted ones with a range of 30 km.^[source]Palmaria (artillery) · Design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

The turret is hydraulic with manual backup, and has 360 degree rotation with elevation limits of -4 to +70 degrees. It has its own auxiliary power supply which conserves fuel for the main engine.^[source]Palmaria (artillery) · Design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

The Palmaria is powered by a 750 hp MTU MB 837 Ea-500 (or 1,000 hp Ka-500) 4-stroke, turbocharged, 8-cylinder multifuel engine coupled to a Renk RK 304 transmission. The Palmaria has torsion bar suspension with seven roadwheels and five return rollers on either side. The drive sprocket is located at the rear while the adjustable idler sprocket is at the front.^[source]Palmaria (artillery) · Design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

Libya was the first country outside Italy to adopt the Palmaria, initially ordering 210 in 1982. Their army's artillery strength in 2004 included 160 Palmaria. Several were destroyed during the First Libyan civil war as a result of multinational military intervention .^[source]Palmaria (artillery) · Operational history; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

The Type 89 self-propelled howitzer (military designation PLZ-89 ) is a 122 mm self-propelled howitzer used by China's People's Liberation Army to replace Type 85 and Type 70 122 mm self-propelled howitzer. The PLZ-89 was first unveiled to the public during the 1999 Chinese National Day Parade .^[source]PLZ-89 · Lead; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

Since the late 1970s, a number of 122 mm self-propelled howitzers (SPH) had been developed in China to meet Chinese army requirements. The People's Liberation Army (PLA) required a mobile artillery system to provide medium- to long-range indirect fire support for motorised infantry and armoured troops and capable of keeping pace with them. However, none of them could meet these requirements. The Type 89 self-propelled howitzer, also known as the PLZ-89, was developed in the late 1980s. It was a Chinese attempt to develop an indigenous SPH with similar capabilities to the Soviet 2S1 Gvozdika . The Type 89 is currently in service with the PLA and PLA Navy Marine Corps . Several hundred of these artillery systems were built.^[source]PLZ-89 · Development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

The Type 89 SPH is armed with a 122 mm/L32 howitzer. The main armament is derived from the Type 86 (W-86) 122 mm/32-caliber towed howitzer, which itself is a Chinese licensed copy of the Soviet D-30 122 mm howitzer. The PLZ-89 carries 40 rounds inside the turret. The gun is equipped with semi-automatic loader with a maximum rate of fire of 6–8 rounds/min and fire accuracy is achieved by a digital fire-control system and a roof-mounted electro-optical sighting for day/night operations. This artillery system is compatible with Chinese and Russian 122 mm ammunition. Its maximum range of fire is 18 km (11 mi) using standard HE projectiles and 21 km (13 mi) with extended-range projectiles. The vehicle is fitted with a computerised fire-control system, night vision.^[source]PLZ-89 · Design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

The secondary armament consists of a roof-mounted QJC-88 12.7 mm machine gun. For the safety of its crew of five, the vehicle is armoured against small-arms fire and artillery shell splinters, and fitted with NBC protection , fire detection and automatic fire suppression systems. Its tracked chassis, developed from the Type 77 amphibious armoured personnel carrier , is powered by a 450 hp (340 kW) 12V150L12 diesel engine. The Type 89 can also be fitted with a flotation kit for amphibious warfare .

Palmaria^[source]Palmaria (artillery) · literal own first infobox identity; no named upgrade or fitted configuration inferred

OTO Melara^[source]

Norinco^[source]PLZ-89 (Type 89) Chinese 122mm Self-Propelled Howitzer (SPH) · System

360°^[source]

L32^[source]PLZ-89 / Type 89 SPH; 122 mm main howitzer

122 mm self-propelled howitzer^[source]

The Type 89 uses a tracked chassis^[source]PLZ-89 (Type 89) Chinese 122mm Self-Propelled Howitzer (SPH) · System

China, People's Republic of^[source]PLZ-89 (Type 89) Chinese 122mm Self-Propelled Howitzer (SPH)

• Argentina
• Libya
• Nigeria