FORCETALLY
Loading the evidence…
Preparing your view.
Preparing your view.
BAir defence
series of surface-to-air anti-ballistic missile and anti-aircraft defense systems
At a glance
Measured figures
about
Single sourceabout 7.90 m (25 ft 11 in)[source]
Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited · Length
Single sourceConfiguration
| Specification | 2K22 Tunguska | Sky Bow |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gun[source] | series of surface-to-air anti-ballistic missile and anti-aircraft defense systems[source] |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union[source] | — |
| In service | 1982–present[source] | The TK-2, TK-3 and TK-4 are in service with the Military of the Republic of China[source] |
| Used by | See Operators[source] | Military of the Republic of China[source] |
Sky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited · Length
Single source5.673 m[source]Sky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited
5.498 m[source]Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited
about
Single sourceabout 3.25 m (10 ft 8 in)[source]
about or about
Single sourceradar stowed
Single sourceabout 4 m (13 ft 1 in) or about 3.35 m (10 ft) (radar stowed)[source]
Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited · Diameter
Single sourceSky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited · Diameter
Single source0.42 m[source]Sky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited
0.4 m[source]Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited
about
Single sourceabout 35,000 kg (77,000 lb)[source]
Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited · Mass
Single sourceSky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited · Mass
Single source1,135 kg[source]Sky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited
870 kg[source]Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited
vehicle commander, driver, gunner, radar operator
Single source4 (vehicle commander, driver, gunner, radar operator)[source]
Operational; Operational range
Single source500 km (310 mi)[source]
Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited · Range
Single sourceSky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited · Range
Single source150 km[source]Sky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited
200 km[source]Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited
for this vehicle
Single sourceV-46 based on the Model V-2 V12 diesel engine the engine had but it was limited to
Single sourceV-46 based on the Model V-2 V12 diesel engine the engine had 780hp, but it was limited to 710hp for this vehicle[source]
Bars compare reported quantities only. A larger figure does not make a system better; configurations and test conditions differ.
| Wars | Russo-Georgian War Russo-Ukrainian war[source] | — |
|---|
| Designer | KBP Instrument Design Bureau[source] | — |
|---|
| Designed | 1970–1980[source] | — |
|---|
| Manufacturer | Ulyanovsk Mechanical Factory[source] | National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST)[source] |
|---|
| Unit cost | $16 million[source] | — |
|---|
| Produced | 1976–present[source] | — |
|---|
| Variants | 2K22 (Tunguska), 2K22M (Tunguska-M), 2K22M1 (Tunguska-M1)[source] | — |
|---|
| Armour | protects the vehicle from 7.62 mm small arms fire and shell splinters[source] | — |
|---|
| Main armament | 8 × 9M311, 9M311K, 9M311-1, 9M311M, 9M311-M1 or 57E6 missiles[source] | — |
|---|
| Secondary armament | 2 × twin-barrel 30 mm 2А38M guns (1,904 rounds carried)[source] | — |
|---|
| Transmission | Hydromechanical[source] | — |
|---|
| Suspension | Hydropneumatic[source] | — |
|---|
| Ground clearance | 17–57 cm[source] | — |
|---|
| Warhead | Continuous-rod and steel cubes[source] | — |
|---|
| Detonation mechanism | Laser fuze (Radio fuze for 9M311-M1)[source] | — |
|---|
| Propellant | Solid-fuel rocket[source] | — |
|---|
| Flight ceiling | 3,500 metres (11,500 ft)[source] | — |
|---|
| Boost time | 2 stages: boost to 900 metres per second (2,000 mph), then sustained 600 metres per second (1,300 mph) stage to range[source] | — |
|---|
| Guidance system | Radio Command guidance[source] | — |
|---|
| Steering system | Rocket motor with four steerable control surfaces[source] | — |
|---|
| Accuracy | 5 metres (16 ft)[source] | — |
|---|
| Launch platform | 2S6 combat vehicle[source] | Underground silos and mobile launch vehicles[source]Sky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited Towed quad launchers[source]Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited |
|---|
| Transport | 2F77 transloader[source] | — |
|---|
| Role | — | surface-to-air missile[source]Sky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited surface-to-air missile[source]Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited |
|---|
| Propulsion | — | Single-stage dual-thrust solid-fuel rocket motor[source]Sky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited Solid-fuel rocket motor[source]Sky Bow III only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited |
|---|
| Guidance | — | Inertial with mid-course guidance update from ground-based phased array radar, Active radar homing ( ARH ) for terminal guidance[source]Sky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited |
|---|
| Introduced | — | 1997[source]Sky Bow II only; retired Sky Bow I values not inherited |
|---|
| Country of origin | — | Taiwan[source]Inventory Origin column; table 5, row 4, cell 2; revision 1370505017; retrieved 2026-09-30 |
|---|
| Reported operators |
| — |
|---|