Penguin (missile) vs Sea Killer / Marte

FORCETALLY

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ACruise & anti-ship missiles

Penguin (missile)

littoral anti-ship missile

BCruise & anti-ship missiles

Sea Killer / Marte

Anti-ship missile

First system

Second system

At a glance

Side by side

Length comparisonOne shared metre scale

Penguin (missile)MK3

3.2 m

Length source ↗

Sea Killer / MarteLength

4.7 m

Length source ↗

Lengths retain their source configuration and measurement scope.

Measured figures

Head to head

15 of 29 rows sourced on both sides

3.2mMK3

4.7m

Length

All recorded figures & sources

3 m

MK2

Single source

3.2 m

MK3

Single source

Configuration

Details

Penguin (missile) and Sea Killer / Marte configuration
Specification	Penguin (missile)	Sea Killer / Marte
Speed	high subsonic^[source]	Mach 0,8-0,9^[source]
Type	littoral anti-ship missile^[source]	Anti-ship missile^[source]
Place of origin	Norway^[source]	Italy^[source]
In service	1972–present^[source]

Manufacturer	Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace^[source]	MBDA Italia / (historic: Sistel SpA)^[source]

Warhead	120 kg (MK2), 130 kg (MK3)^[source]	70 kg (150 lb) Semi-armour piercing HE^[source]

Detonation mechanism	delay fuze^[source]	Impact and proximity fuze^[source]

Engine	Solid propellant sustainer^[source]	Solid fuel rocket booster and sustainer Marte-ER: turbojet Williams WJ-24-8G WR^[source]

Flight altitude	sea skimming^[source]	Sea skimming^[source]

Guidance system	pulse- laser , passive IR (MK2), passive IR , radar altimeter (MK3)^[source]	Sea Killer, Marte 1: Beam riding Marte 2, Marte ER: Active radar homing^[source]

Launch platform	naval ships , helicopters (MK2), fixed-wing aircraft (MK3)^[source]	Naval ships , aircraft , helicopters , coastal installations^[source]

Former operator · Norway	Norway^[source]	—

Former operator · Sweden	Sweden^[source]	—

Former operator · United States	United States^[source]	—

Used by	—	Italy Iran United Arab Emirates Qatar Turkmenistan Venezuela^[source]

Wars	—	Iran-Iraq War^[source]

Role	—	Italian anti-ship missile family^[source]

Source measurement	—	Sea Killer is an Italian anti-ship missile family. The latest development of the system is known as Marte . Marte is a sea skimming , subsonic , anti-ship missile carrying a 70 kilograms (150 lb) semi-armour piercing warhead. It has been built in several versions, with differing guidance systems, and is suitable for launching from ships or aircraft.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Lead; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Contraves Italiana, an Italian subsidiary of the Swiss armaments company Oerlikon Contraves , began development of a short-ranged - 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) - ship-based anti-ship missile system, named Nettuno in 1963. Guidance of Nettuno was by beam riding for course control, with altitude controlled automatically by an onboard radar altimeter , allowing the missile to carry out sea-skimming attacks. Command guidance was an alternative guidance method if jamming made the beam-riding method unusable. In 1965, Contraves Italiana began work on an improved missile, Vulcano , which used the same guidance system, but included a two-stage (booster + sustainer) rocket motor to give a longer (25 kilometres (16 mi)) range. Both missiles could be fired from a five-round trainable launcher.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Development and design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Testing of Nettuno began in 1966, with a trial installation being made on the Freccia-class patrol boat Saetta of the Italian navy, with the five-round launcher replacing a Bofors 40 mm gun. Testing of Vulcano began in 1969.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Development and design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The Marte ER, an improvement on the missile family, replaced the rocket motor with Williams WJ-24-8G turbojet propulsion and added a new ISO -caliber cylinder cell, which made it shorter in length but extended its range to over 100 km (62 mi; 54 nmi). Fitting trials of the Marte-ER onto the NH90 helicopter, which can carry two missiles, occurred in June 2014; a larger anti-ship missile like the Exocet was rejected for integration as physically too long and heavy.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Development and design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage In November 2015, a Eurofighter Typhoon was fit-tested for a fixed-wing version of the missile called the Marte-ERP, which does not feature folding fins and sheds the booster for a larger 120 kg (265 lb) warhead with penetrating and sector-blast properties; though smaller than other options like the Harpoon and RBS-15 , a fighter like Eurofighter Typhoon can carry six Marte-ERPs (or four with fuel tanks) compared to two or three larger missiles.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Development and design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Short-range beam riding ship-launched anti-ship missile. 10 km range, 35 kilograms (77 lb) warhead. Also designated Nettuno .^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Increased range beam-riding ship-launched anti-ship missile with improved two stage rocket. 25+ km range, 70 kilograms (150 lb) warhead. Also designated Vulcano .^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Marte ER is a sea-skimming, high subsonic anti-ship and land attack missile. Turbojet engine Williams WR WJ-24-8G extends range to over 100 km, total weight of 340 kilograms, first tested in 9 November 2018. The missile is fire-and-forget capable and designed to operates in all weather conditions. The Eurofighter Typhoon can carry up to 6 Marte ER anti-ship missiles.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage (25) Sea Killer/Marte Mk2/N at least 25 delivered for Dearsan 33m FAC^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Operators; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

Source measurement

—

Sea Killer is an Italian anti-ship missile family. The latest development of the system is known as Marte . Marte is a sea skimming , subsonic , anti-ship missile carrying a 70 kilograms (150 lb) semi-armour piercing warhead. It has been built in several versions, with differing guidance systems, and is suitable for launching from ships or aircraft.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Lead; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

Contraves Italiana, an Italian subsidiary of the Swiss armaments company Oerlikon Contraves , began development of a short-ranged - 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) - ship-based anti-ship missile system, named Nettuno in 1963. Guidance of Nettuno was by beam riding for course control, with altitude controlled automatically by an onboard radar altimeter , allowing the missile to carry out sea-skimming attacks. Command guidance was an alternative guidance method if jamming made the beam-riding method unusable. In 1965, Contraves Italiana began work on an improved missile, Vulcano , which used the same guidance system, but included a two-stage (booster + sustainer) rocket motor to give a longer (25 kilometres (16 mi)) range. Both missiles could be fired from a five-round trainable launcher.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Development and design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

Testing of Nettuno began in 1966, with a trial installation being made on the Freccia-class patrol boat Saetta of the Italian navy, with the five-round launcher replacing a Bofors 40 mm gun. Testing of Vulcano began in 1969.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Development and design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

The Marte ER, an improvement on the missile family, replaced the rocket motor with Williams WJ-24-8G turbojet propulsion and added a new ISO -caliber cylinder cell, which made it shorter in length but extended its range to over 100 km (62 mi; 54 nmi). Fitting trials of the Marte-ER onto the NH90 helicopter, which can carry two missiles, occurred in June 2014; a larger anti-ship missile like the Exocet was rejected for integration as physically too long and heavy.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Development and design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

In November 2015, a Eurofighter Typhoon was fit-tested for a fixed-wing version of the missile called the Marte-ERP, which does not feature folding fins and sheds the booster for a larger 120 kg (265 lb) warhead with penetrating and sector-blast properties; though smaller than other options like the Harpoon and RBS-15 , a fighter like Eurofighter Typhoon can carry six Marte-ERPs (or four with fuel tanks) compared to two or three larger missiles.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Development and design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

Short-range beam riding ship-launched anti-ship missile. 10 km range, 35 kilograms (77 lb) warhead. Also designated Nettuno .^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

Increased range beam-riding ship-launched anti-ship missile with improved two stage rocket. 25+ km range, 70 kilograms (150 lb) warhead. Also designated Vulcano .^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

Marte ER is a sea-skimming, high subsonic anti-ship and land attack missile. Turbojet engine Williams WR WJ-24-8G extends range to over 100 km, total weight of 340 kilograms, first tested in 9 November 2018. The missile is fire-and-forget capable and designed to operates in all weather conditions. The Eurofighter Typhoon can carry up to 6 Marte ER anti-ship missiles.^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage

(25) Sea Killer/Marte Mk2/N at least 25 delivered for Dearsan 33m FAC^[source]Sea Killer / Marte · Operators; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage