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At a glance
Measured figures
Close-support version · Length
Single source13.23 m (43 ft 5 in)[source]
Configuration
| Specification | Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet | Yakovlev Yak-52 |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Light attack and advanced trainer aircraft[source] | Trainer , COIN[source] |
| National origin | France / West Germany[source] | Soviet Union[source] |
| Manufacturer | Dassault Aviation / Dornier Flugzeugwerke[source] | Yakovlev Aerostar[source] |
| Status | In service[source] |
Iak 52 · Length
7.745 m (25 ft 5 in)[source]
Empty; Close-support version · Empty weight
Single sourceGross; Close-support version · Gross weight
Single sourceMaximum take-off; Close-support version · Max takeoff weight
Single source3,515 kg (7,749 lb)[source]
5,000 kg (11,023 lb)[source]
7,500 kg (16,535 lb)[source]
Empty; Iak 52 · Empty weight
Single sourceMaximum take-off; Iak 52 · Max takeoff weight
Single sourceMaximum; Close-support version · at sea level
Single source1,000 km/h (620 mph, 540 kn) at sea level[source]
Close-support version · lo-lo-lo profile, gun pod, underwing weapons and two drop tanks
Single source610 km (380 mi, 330 nmi) lo-lo-lo profile, gun pod, underwing weapons and two drop tanks[source]
Iak 52 · 1 × Vedeneyev M-14P nine-cylinder radial engine
Single source1 × Vedeneyev M-14P nine-cylinder radial engine , 270 kW (360 hp)[source]
Close-support version · 2 × SNECMA Turbomeca Larzac 04-C5 turbofan engines thrust each
Single source2 × SNECMA Turbomeca Larzac 04-C5 turbofan engines, 13.24 kN (2,980 lbf) thrust each[source]
Close-support version · at high altitude
Single sourceClose-support version · internal fuel only at low altitude
Single source(internal fuel only) 2 hours 30 minutes at low altitude; 3 hours 30 minutes at high altitude[source]
Bars compare reported quantities only. A larger figure does not make a system better; configurations and test conditions differ.
Operational[source] |
| Primary users | French Air and Space Force Top Aces Egyptian Air Force Royal Thai Air Force[source] | Soviet Air Force DOSAAF Ukrainian Army Aviation[source] |
|---|
| Number built | 480[source] | — |
|---|
| Manufactured | 1973–1991[source] | 1978–1998[source] |
|---|
| Introduction date | 4 November 1977[source] | 1979[source] |
|---|
| First flight | 26 October 1973[source] | 1976[source] |
|---|
| Aspect ratio | 4.8[source] | — |
|---|
| Fuel capacity | 1,520 kg (3,351 lb)[source] | 122 L (32 US gal; 27 imp gal)[source] |
|---|
| Stall speed | 167 km/h (104 mph, 90 kn) (flaps and undercarriage down)[source] | 85–90 km/h (53–56 mph, 46–49 kn) flaps down, engine idling[source] |
|---|
| g limits | +12 / -6.4 (ultimate)[source] | +7/-5[source] |
|---|
| Time to altitude | 9,145 m (30,000 ft) in less than 7 minutes[source] | 15 min to 4,000 m (13,000 ft)[source] |
|---|
| Landing speed | 170 km/h (110 mph; 92 kn)[source] | — |
|---|
| Take-off run | 410 m (1,350 ft)[source] | — |
|---|
| Landing run | 610 m (2,000 ft)[source] | — |
|---|
| Guns | One 27 mm Mauser BK-27 cannon in centreline gun pack with 150 rounds or one 30 mm DEFA cannon in centreline pod with 150 rounds[source] | — |
|---|
| Hardpoints | 5 with a capacity of 2,500 kg (5,512 lb), with provisions to carry combinations of:[source] | — |
|---|
| Rockets | Two Matra rocket pods with eighteen SNEB 68 mm rockets each or two CRV7 rocket pods with nineteen 70 mm rockets each[source] | — |
|---|
| Missiles | Two AIM-9 Sidewinders ; two Matra Magic IIs ; two AGM-65 Mavericks[source] | — |
|---|
| Bombs | a variety of bombs (such as the Hunting BL755 cluster bomb )[source] | — |
|---|
| Other | Two 310 L (82 US gal; 68 imp gal) Drop tanks[source] | — |
|---|
| Role | light attack jet and advanced jet trainer co-manufactured[source] | Soviet primary trainer aircraft[source] |
|---|
| Source measurement | Manufacture of Alpha Jet sub-assemblies was divided between France (Dassault), Germany (Dornier) and Belgium ( SABCA ), each country performing final assembly and checkout of the type in separate facilities. Dassault hosted the largest of these three assembly lines, typically producing 13 aircraft per month to meet the needs of French and export customers. It was reportedly capable of a maximum output of 15 Alpha Jets per month. The Dornier final assembly line typically maintained a maximum rate of six aircraft per month. In contrast to the final assembly arrangements, none of the three sources duplicated the manufacture of any component: Dassault-Breguet produced the front and center fuselage, Dornier constructed the wing, tail and rear fuselage, while SABCA manufactured the nose and flaps of the aircraft. A total of 4,500 people were employed in the manufacturing of the Alpha Jet in Germany, an equal number in France also worked on the programme.[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Development / Into production; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The Alpha Jet is a light twin-engine aircraft equipped with an intentionally simple airframe despite the performance delivered. Both the leading edges and air intakes are fixed; while the aerodynamic shape of the aircraft, which was developed with the aid of computer aided design (CAD), conforms with the area rule . Fully powered controls are used, comprising a dual- hydraulic systems and load-factor limited dynamic feel system arrangement attached to conventional flight control surfaces . The cockpit is pressurised for greater comfort during training. The Alpha Jet is designed to accommodate ten-minute turn around times with minimal ground equipment, using features such as pressurised single-point refueling, ladder-less entry/exit of the cockpit, and a ten-hour endurance of the liquid oxygen system.[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The Alpha Jet is powered by a pair of SNECMA Turbomeca Larzac turbofan engines. It is a low bypass-ratio, twin-spool engine that uses modular construction methods. The Larzac was a new engine at the time, having only performed its first run a year prior to being selected to power the Alpha Jet. The need for greater thrust to power the aircraft than the original model of the engine could generate led to the development and adoption of the 2,970 lb Larzac 04 in February 1972. This version of the engine initially powered the Alpha Jet.[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The Alpha Jet was more complex than competing second generation trainer aircraft, requiring seven man hours of maintenance for every flight hour. Nearly 5,000lb of munitions and equipment can be carried on five hardpoints, four on the wings and one at the centerline on the lower fuselage. In an armed configuration, a gun pod containing a 30 mm DEFA cannon , as installed on French aircraft, or 27 mm Mauser BK-27 cannon , as installed on German aircraft, would typically be installed upon the centerline hard point.[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Design; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage In September 2014, Direction générale de l'armement (DGA) and French Air Force officials were reportedly investigating the Alenia Aermacchi M-346 Master as a replacement for the Alpha Jet. Alenia Aermacchi claimed that France was interested in procuring 35 M-346s in this capacity. In April 2015, the DGA issued an initial pre-solicitation request for a replacement trainer aircraft. Likely candidates for this requirement reportedly include the M-346 Master, Aero L-39 Albatros , Beechcraft T-6 Texan II and Pilatus PC-21 . The PC-21 was introduced in 2018.[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Operational history / France; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage During the early 1980s, an additional 15 aircraft, designated Alpha Jet MS2 , were ordered. The Alpha Jet MS2 bore high levels of similarity to Dassault's proposed Alpha Jet NGEA , featuring a Sagem -built Uliss 81 nav/attack system, a Thomson-CSF -built laser rangefinder and HUD, along with a digital multiplex databus . The Egyptian Air Force Alpha Jets were based at As Salahiya airbase in 308 (Close Air Support) Tactical Wing with 57 Squadron and 58 Squadron. In 2015 the 308 CAS Tactical Wing moved with both squadrons to El Mansoura airbase for ground attack training. The Egyptian Air Force used the Alpha Jet MS1 fleet to replace the Aero L-29 Delfín and Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 in the trainer role, while the later-built MS2 standard aircraft served to replace the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 in the ground-attack role. In February 2000, Egypt was reportedly seeking to replace their Alpha Jet fleet, and was investigating several options, including the BAE Systems Hawk .[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Operational history / Egypt; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Nigerian Air Force (Alpha Jet E) – 24 acquired. 4 upgraded in 2011, 9 more reactivated. 11 in service.[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Operators; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Length: 13.23 m (43 ft 5 in)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Wingspan: 9.11 m (29 ft 11 in)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Height: 4.19 m (13 ft 9 in)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Wing area: 17.5 m 2 (188 sq ft)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Empty weight: 3,515 kg (7,749 lb)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Gross weight: 5,000 kg (11,023 lb)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Max takeoff weight: 7,500 kg (16,535 lb)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Fuel capacity: 1,520 kg (3,351 lb)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Powerplant: 2 × SNECMA Turbomeca Larzac 04-C5 turbofan engines, 13.24 kN (2,980 lbf) thrust each[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Maximum speed: 1,000 km/h (620 mph, 540 kn) at sea level[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Stall speed: 167 km/h (104 mph, 90 kn) (flaps and undercarriage down)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage 216 km/h (134 mph; 117 kn) (flaps and undercarriage up)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Combat range: 610 km (380 mi, 330 nmi) lo-lo-lo profile, gun pod, underwing weapons and two drop tanks[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage 1,095 km (680 mi; 591 nmi) hi-lo-hi profile, gun pod, underwing weapons and two drop tanks[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Ferry range: 2,940 km (1,830 mi, 1,590 nmi) with 2x 310 L (82 US gal; 68 imp gal) droptanks[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Endurance: (internal fuel only) 2 hours 30 minutes at low altitude; 3 hours 30 minutes at high altitude[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Service ceiling: 14,630 m (48,000 ft)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Rate of climb: 57 m/s (11,200 ft/min) max[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Time to altitude: 9,145 m (30,000 ft) in less than 7 minutes[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Landing speed: 170 km/h (110 mph; 92 kn)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Take-off run: 410 m (1,350 ft)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Landing run: 610 m (2,000 ft)[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Guns: One 27 mm Mauser BK-27 cannon in centreline gun pack with 150 rounds or one 30 mm DEFA cannon in centreline pod with 150 rounds[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Hardpoints: 5 with a capacity of 2,500 kg (5,512 lb), with provisions to carry combinations of: Rockets: Two Matra rocket pods with eighteen SNEB 68 mm rockets each or two CRV7 rocket pods with nineteen 70 mm rockets each Missiles: Two AIM-9 Sidewinders ; two Matra Magic IIs ; two AGM-65 Mavericks Bombs: a variety of bombs (such as the Hunting BL755 cluster bomb ) Other: Two 310 L (82 US gal; 68 imp gal) Drop tanks[source]Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet · Specifications (Close-support version); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage | A descendant of the single-seat competition aerobatic Yakovlev Yak-50 , the all-metal Yak-52 is powered by a 268 kW (360 hp) Vedeneyev M14P nine-cylinder radial engine .[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Design and development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The aircraft has fuel and oil systems permitting inverted flight for as long as two minutes. The engine drives a two-bladed counter-clockwise rotating, variable pitch, wood and fiberglass laminate propeller.[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Design and development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage At 998 kg (2,200 lb) empty weight, the Yak-52 has been used in international aerobatic competition up to the Advanced level. It is stressed to +7 and –5 Gs, rolls (to the right) at well more than 180 degrees/second (measured up to 352 degrees/second to the right), and is capable of every manoeuvre in the Aresti catalog .[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Design and development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage A number of "westernised" versions of the Yak-52 are now produced. The replacement of the existing Soviet avionics , fitting of a three-blade propeller and the M14PF 298 kW (400 hp) upgrade to the usual 360 hp M14P engine, and conversion to conventional "tail-dragger" landing gear (Yak-52TD) are some of the modifications made to the standard aircraft. There is also a factory-produced Yak-52TW tail-dragger version by Aerostar. The TW has an extra 120 L (32 US gal) of fuel capacity in two extra wing tanks, the M14PF engine designated & three blade propeller, an electric start, and modern instruments.[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Design and development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage On 16 April 2004, a modernised variant Yak-52M was flown in Russia. It is fitted with modernised M-14Kh engine, three-blade propeller, and other modifications. |
|---|
| Developed from | — | Yakovlev Yak-50[source] |
|---|
| Developed into | — | Yakovlev Yak-53[source] |
|---|
| Airfoil | — | Clark YN[source] |
|---|
| Propellers | — | 2-bladed V-530TA-D35 constant-speed propeller , 2.40 m (7 ft 10 in) diameter[source] |
|---|
| Never exceed speed | — | 360 km/h (220 mph, 190 kn)[source] |
|---|
Two-seat primary trainer aircraft, powered by a 360-hp (268-kW) Vedeneyev M-14P nine-cylinder radial piston-engine.[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Yak-52M[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Modified Yak-52 with more powerful M-14PF engine and a tailwheel configuration by Termikas Ltd in Lithuania. Modifications include a set of wings with integrated aerobatic and ferry tanks (total capacity 230 litres), and allow complete retraction (no portions of the gear/main strut extend below wing structure). Bulletin 60 (strong joint fittings of the main spar) and Bulletin 107 (steel strap on the main spar installed) also completed at modification.[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
In late 2025, the World Air Forces publication by FlightGlobal , which tracks the aircraft inventories of world's air forces and publishes its counts annually, published the World Air Forces 2026 report. According to that report, the only military operator of Yak-52 in the world is the Romanian Air Force with 14 aircraft.[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Operators; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Length: 7.745 m (25 ft 5 in)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Wingspan: 9.30 m (30 ft 6 in)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Height: 2.70 m (8 ft 10 in)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Wing area: 15.00 m 2 (161.5 sq ft)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Empty weight: 1,015 kg (2,238 lb)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Max takeoff weight: 1,305 kg (2,877 lb)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Powerplant: 1 × Vedeneyev M-14P nine-cylinder radial engine , 270 kW (360 hp)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Propellers: 2-bladed V-530TA-D35 constant-speed propeller , 2.40 m (7 ft 10 in) diameter[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Maximum speed: 285 km/h (177 mph, 154 kn) at sea level[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Cruise speed: 190 km/h (120 mph, 100 kn) at 1,000 m (3,300 ft) (econ cruise)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Stall speed: 85–90 km/h (53–56 mph, 46–49 kn) flaps down, engine idling[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Never exceed speed : 360 km/h (220 mph, 190 kn)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Range: 550 km (340 mi, 300 nmi) at 500 m (1,600 ft)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Service ceiling: 4,000 m (13,000 ft)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Rate of climb: 5.00 m/s (985 ft/min)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage
Time to altitude: 15 min to 4,000 m (13,000 ft)[source]Yakovlev Yak-52 · Specifications (Iak 52); only the objects and conditions stated in this passage