FORCETALLY
Loading the evidence…
Preparing your view.
Preparing your view.
Measured figures
dependent on use
Single source4 (dependent on use)[source]
Configuration
| Specification | Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun | ZPU-4 |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Autocannon[source] | — |
| Place of origin | Sweden[source] | — |
| In service | 1934–present[source] | — |
| Used by | See § Users[source] | — |
| Wars | See § Wars[source] | — |
| Designer | AB Bofors |
Maximum; Maximum firing range
Single source7,160 m (7,830 yd)[source]
Barrel length
Single source2.25 m (7 ft 5 in)[source]
High elevation angles
Single sourceLow elevation angles
Single sourceLow elevation angles : 140 rounds/min High elevation angles : 120 rounds/min[source]
Muzzle velocity
Single source850–880 m/s (2,800–2,900 ft/s)[source]
Bars compare reported quantities only. A larger figure does not make a system better; configurations and test conditions differ.
| — |
| Designed | 1930[source] | — |
|---|
| Manufacturer | See § Manufacturers[source] | — |
|---|
| Produced | 1932–present[source] | — |
|---|
| No. built | >60,000 (L/60)[source] | — |
|---|
| Variants | See § Variants[source] | — |
|---|
| Shell | 40×311mmR[source] | — |
|---|
| Shell weight | 0.9 kg (2 lb 0 oz)[source] | — |
|---|
| Action | Automatic extraction and integrated cam -operated recoil powered autoloader[source] | — |
|---|
| Breech | Vertical sliding-wedge[source] | — |
|---|
| Carriage | 522 kg (1,151 lb)[source] | — |
|---|
| Elevation | −5°/+90°, 55°/s[source] | — |
|---|
| Traverse | Full 360°, 50°/s[source] | — |
|---|
| Role | anti-aircraft autocannon ,[source] | — |
|---|
| Source measurement | The Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60 (often referred to simply as the "Bofors 40 mm gun" , the "Bofors gun" and the like, see name ) is an anti-aircraft autocannon , designed in the 1930s by the Swedish arms manufacturer AB Bofors . The gun was designed as an intermediate anti-aircraft gun, filling the gap between fast firing close-range small calibre anti-aircraft guns and slower firing long-range high calibre anti-aircraft guns. For its time, the Bofors 40 mm L/60 was perfectly suited for this role and outperformed competing designs in the years leading up to World War II in both effectiveness and reliability.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Lead; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage In the post-war era, the Bofors 40 mm L/60 design was not suitable for action against jet-powered aircraft, so Bofors developed a new 40 mm replacement design with significantly more power—the Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/70 , also known under the generic name 'Bofors 40 mm gun'—which was adopted by many nations during the Cold War and was selected as NATO-standard in November 1953. The Bofors 40 mm L/60 would however continue to see service long after becoming obsolete as an anti-aircraft weapon due to the massive number of surplus guns from WWII, and a small number of Bofors 40 mm L/60 guns remain in service today. Some weapons saw action as late as the Gulf War and Yugoslav Wars .[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Lead; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60 is known under a variety of names around the world. In common historical nomenclatures it is commonly known under the names Bofors 40 mm gun , 40 mm Bofors gun and Bofors gun . This mostly stems from Western Allied usage of the gun during World War II. For example, British anti-air batteries armed with the gun during the war received the nickname "The Bofors Boys". There were other guns by Bofors which also had these nicknames, the most common being the Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/70 , leading some to think they are the same gun.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Name; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Bofors itself never marketed the gun or its variants with a clear standardized name or abbreviation. In the vast majority of 1930s marketing material the gun is sold under a variety of descriptive names depending on the configuration, such as: "40 mm Automatic Field Gun L/60" to "40 mm Automatic A.A. Gun L/60 in Field Carriage" or "40 mm Automatic Naval Gun L/60" to "40 mm Automatic A.A. Gun L/60 in Naval Mounting". This theme transfers over to other languages as well: Swedish : 40 mm fältautomatkanon L/60 , German : 40 mm feldluftautomatkanone L/60 , Spanish : Cañón automatico de campaña de 40 mm L/60 Bofors . Only the caliber of 40 mm and caliber length of L/60 are somewhat universal in branding.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Name; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Due to this the gun is often specified by the calibre length "L/60". Enthusiasts and experts usually call the gun "Bofors 40 mm L/60" or simply "Bofors 40/60" and the like. In some Bofors material the gun is standardized under the English name "Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60".[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Name; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Contrary to the name, the Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60 has an actual barrel length of 56.25 calibres – 2,250 mm (7 ft 5 in). Due to this, the gun can at times be found under the designation L/56 . The L/60 calibre length – 2,400 mm (94 in) – refers to the length of the barrel and breech mounted as a unit. The gun has also been cited with a caliber length of L/62 on occasion. This refers to the length of the barrel – 2,250 mm – when equipped with the conical flash hider – 250 mm (9.8 in); amounting to a length of 2,500 mm (8 ft 2 in), or 62.5 calibres. Similarly, the shorter L/43 calibre length – 1,720 mm (5 ft 8 in) – refers to the length of the barrel and breech mounted as a unit. The actual barrel length is 1,570 mm (5 ft 2 in) – 39.25 calibres. With a flash hider or muzzle brake mounted the barrel length becomes 1,740 mm (5 ft 9 in) or 1,760 mm (5 ft 9 in).[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Name / Calibre length; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage In 1922, the Swedish Navy purchased a number of 40 mm 2-pounder "pom-poms" from Vickers as anti-aircraft guns. The navy approached Bofors about the development of a more capable replacement, and Bofors signed a contract in late 1928. The company produced a gun that was a smaller version of a 57 mm (6-pounder) semi-automatic gun, developed as an anti- torpedo boat weapon in the late 19th century by Finspång . Bofors' first test gun was a re-barrelled Nordenfelt version of the Finspång gun, to which was added a semi-automatic loading mechanism.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage During that period, Krupp purchased a one-third share of Bofors. Krupp engineers began the process of updating the Bofors factories with modern equipment and metallurgy, but the 40 mm project was kept secret.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The prototype was completed and fired in November 1931 and, by the middle of the month, it was firing strings of two and three rounds. Changes to the feed mechanism were all that remained and, by the end of the year, the gun was operating at 130 rounds per minute. The development needed to turn it into a weapon suitable for production was completed in October 1933. Because acceptance trials had been passed the year before, it became known as the "40 mm akan M/32". Most forces referred to it as the "Bofors 40 mm L/60", although the barrel was actually 56.25 calibres in length, not the 60 calibres that the name implied.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The gun fired a 900 g (2.0 lb) high explosive shell at 2,960 ft/s (900 m/s) from a 40 × 311 rimmed cartridge. The rate of fire was normally about 120 rounds per minute (2 rounds per second), which increased slightly when the barrels were closer to the horizon, because gravity assisted the feeding from the top-mounted magazine. Practical firing rates were closer to 80–100 rpm, because the rounds were fed into the breech from four-round clips which had to be replaced by hand. The maximum attainable ceiling was 7,200 m (23,600 ft), but the practical maximum was about 3,800 m (12,500 ft).[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage In spite of the successful development, the Swedish Navy changed its mind and decided it needed a smaller hand-traversed weapon of 13 mm-25 mm size, and tested various designs from foreign suppliers. With the development of the 40 mm well advanced, Bofors offered a 25 mm version in 1932, which was eventually selected as the Bofors 25 mm M/32 .[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The first version of the 40 mm the Swedish Navy ordered was intended for use on submarines, because the larger calibre allowed the gun to be used both as an anti-aircraft gun, and against smaller ships. The barrel was shorter, at 43 calibres, which reduced the muzzle velocity to about 700 m/s (2,300 ft/s). When not in use, the gun was pointed directly up and retracted into a watertight cylinder. The only known submarines that used that arrangement were the Sjölejonet -class boats. The guns were later removed when the submarines were modified with streamlined conning towers.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Orders for the land-based versions were immediate, starting with one for eight weapons from Belgium in August 1935, followed by a flood of orders from other forces including Poland, Norway, and Finland. It was accepted into the Swedish Army the next year, and known as the "40 mm lvakan m/36", the lower-case "m" indicating an army model as opposed to the capital "M" for the navy.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Development; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Within a few years AB Bofors received a number of orders from foreign governments including Poland, Finland, Greece and Norway negotiated for licenses to produce the gun and its ammunition. By 1939 Bofors guns were in production across Europe for many armies in a bewildering arrangement of cross-deals. For instance, the United Kingdom took out a license, but was in such a hurry to re-arm with the Bofors gun that it also purchased some from Poland and Hungary. France wanted to set up a line but purchased guns from Poland. Poland meanwhile developed its own version of Bofors gun, contributing a lighter carriage (in the 40 mm armata przeciwlotnicza Bofors wz. 36 ) which was later adopted by the British.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Development / Licensed production; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The Swedish navy adopted the weapon as the m/36 in two versions: hand-worked single air-cooled, and power-operated twin water-cooled. A twin air-cooled mounting, probably hand-worked, was also used by the navies of Sweden and Argentina, and a twin air-cooled wet mounting was developed for Polish submarines.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Development / Licensed production; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The British Army had first examined the weapon in 1937, when it received a number of Polish-built examples for testing. They were known as the "QF 40 mm Mark I" (QF standing for "quick firing" ). With a minor change to the flash hider , they were designated "Mark I/2". A production licence was acquired, and the gun was converted from metric to imperial measurements. Numerous changes were made to the design so that it was more suitable for mass production, because the original Bofors design was intended to be hand-assembled. Many parts were labelled "file to fit on assembly", requiring many man-hours of work to complete.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · British versions / Army and RAF Regiment versions; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage In that form, the "QF 40 mm Mark III" (Mk II was a designation used for a version of the naval "pom-pom" anti-aircraft gun), became the army's standard light anti-aircraft (AA) weapon, operating alongside their 3-inch 20 cwt and 3.7-inch heavy AA guns. British production started slowly and, by September 1939 only 233 equipments had been produced. However, by the end of the war, the total production of British, Canadian and Australian factories numbered over 19,000. The peak production year was 1942, when British factories produced 5,025 and Canadian factories produced 1,311.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · British versions / Army and RAF Regiment versions; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage In combat, it was found that the Kerrison was difficult to set up in many situations, as well as making logistics more complex, due to the need to keep its electrical generator supplied with fuel. In most engagements, only the pancake sights were used, without any form of correction, making the British versions less capable than those used by other forces. Eventually, an anti-aircraft gunnery school on the range at Stiffkey on the Norfolk coast, delivered a workable solution, a trapeze-like arrangement that moved the pancake sights to offer lead correction, operated by a new crew-member standing behind the left-hand layer. The "Stiffkey Sight" was sent out to units in 1943, arriving in Canadian units in the midst of the Battle of the Aleutian Islands . A final wartime change to the elevation mechanism resulted in the "QF 40 mm Mark XII". A much lighter, two-wheeled carriage was also developed for airborne use.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · British versions / Army and RAF Regiment versions; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The army experimented with various self-propelled anti-aircraft guns based on various tank chassis. Changes to the breech for that role created the "QF 40 mm Mark VI", which was used on the Crusader tank to produce the Crusader III AA Mark I . The main self-propelled version of the Bofors was the gun mounted on a chassis derived from the Morris C8 "Quad" artillery tractor, which was known as the "Carrier, 30 cwt, SP, 4×4, 40 mm AA (Bofors)" or Morris-Commercial C9/B. Such guns were used in support of army divisions, to provide swift protection against air attack without the need to unlimber. They saw service in north-west Europe, where six SP Bofors of 92nd (Loyals) Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, landed with the British 3rd Infantry Division on Sword Beach on D-Day, to protect the vital bridges over the Caen Canal and the Orne River ( Pegasus Bridge and Horsa Bridge ), shooting down 17 German planes. Later in the campaign, SP Bofors were used extensively for ground shoots as well as in an anti-aircraft role.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · British versions / Army and RAF Regiment versions; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage No 2875 Squadron RAF Regiment, employing the L60, became the first unit to shoot down a jet aircraft, a Messerschmitt Me 262 , with ground-based anti-aircraft fire, at Helmond in the Netherlands on 28 November 1944. Although the Allied air forces had achieved air superiority by the Normandy landings, Advanced Landing Grounds continued to be high-priority targets for the Luftwaffe when the opportunity presented, and that ensured that the RAF Regiment's L60s continued to be heavily used. For example, on New Year's Day 1945, during the Battle of the Bulge , RAF Regiment Light Anti-Aircraft squadrons shot down 43 German aircraft and damaged 28 others during the Operation Bodenplatte attacks on eleven RAF forward airfields. There were insufficient guns available to equip the RAF Regiment squadrons in the Far East during the war, and they had to make do mostly with 20 mm Hispano and Oerlikon 20 mm guns.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · British versions / Army and RAF Regiment versions; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The Royal Navy also made extensive use of the Bofors. Its first examples were air-cooled versions quickly adapted for ships during the withdrawal from Norway . After the German invasion of the Netherlands in May 1940, the Dutch minelayer, HNLMS Willem van der Zaan , gave the navy its first example of a water-cooled gun on its Hazemeyer tri-axially stabilized mounting. Locally produced examples started arriving in 1942, known as the "QF 40 mm Mark IV" with twin-mounts, or the "QF 40 mm Mark V" with single mounts. The navy ran through a variety of versions of the basic Bofors gun over the war, including the Mark VII to Mark XI. The British light anti-aircraft weapon already in use with the Royal Navy's, the QF 2-pounder gun , also had a calibre of 40 mm, but was referred to as the QF 2-pdr.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · British versions / Naval versions; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The Mounting Mark V (Mark VC for Canadian built examples) for the 20 mm Oerlikon and QF 2 pounder guns was also adopted initially as an interim mount for the Bofors. It was a single-barrelled mounting with hydraulic power, and was known as the "Boffin".[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · British versions / Naval versions; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The mounting was heavy (17.5 tons) and the high-vibration of the gun mounting made it a poor location for sensitive valve electronics and mechanical computers.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · British versions / Naval versions; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The United States Navy 's Bureau of Ordnance purchased a twin-mount air-cooled example, spare parts and 3,000 rounds of ammunition directly from Bofors, which arrived in New York on 28 August 1940 aboard the Army transport USAT American Legion , which had evacuated 897 people, including members of the Norwegian royal family, through the Finnish port of Petsamo . During that month another Dutch ship, the Van Kinsbergen , demonstrated the Hazemeyer mount to Navy observers. The gun was quickly chosen as the Navy's standard anti-aircraft weapon over the British 40 mm calibre, 2-pounder pom-pom ; however, negotiations with Bofors for licensed production stalled when the Swedes requested airplane export and manufacturing licenses in return. Reportedly, the Navy secretly imported a set of imperial designs from Britain and started production illegally. A formal contract with Bofors was reached in June 1941. The resulting Mark 1 and Mark 2 weapons were intended for the left and right side of a twin mount, respectively, and were adapted by Chrysler for water cooling.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Naval; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Following the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, the existing 1.1" (28 mm) quad mount and .50 caliber machine guns were determined to be inadequate against modern aircraft, and their replacement by 40 mm Bofors and 20 mm Oerlikon weapons was accelerated.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Naval; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The 40 mm quadruple mount was developed by essentially mounting two twin mounts side by side.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Naval; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Essentially all US naval mountings were twin or quadruple. 40 mm weapons were eventually mounted on virtually every naval and armed auxiliary vessel larger than a small landing craft.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Naval; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage After the war, the 3"/50 caliber gun Mark 27 twin mount began to replace the Bofors, because the "VT" proximity fuse would not fit a 40mm projectile, and the 40 mm weapon was considered inadequate against the emerging anti-ship missile threat.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Naval; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The twin 3" mount was intended to be the same weight as the 40mm quad mount, but was somewhat heavier in practice, which had to be compensated for.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Naval; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Except on destroyers and new construction, the Navy was slow in phasing out the 40 mm gun, and it continued in active Navy service through the Korean War.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Naval; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage In 1938 the United States Army introduced a 37 mm gun of their own design, but found it to be of limited performance.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Army; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage By the middle part of the war, most of the 37 mm guns had been replaced by the 40 mm.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Army; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Army and Marine Corps service, the single mount Bofors was known as the 40 mm Automatic Gun M1 .[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Army; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage II high-explosive shell as well as the M81A1 armor-piercing round, which was capable of penetrating some 50 mm of homogeneous armor plate at a range of 500 yards.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Army; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage In the Army, each Anti-Aircraft Artillery (AAA) auto-weapons battalion was authorized a total of thirty-two 40 mm guns in its four firing batteries.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Army; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Marine division had a "special weapons battalion" that included sixteen 40 mm guns; in early 1944 these were replaced with anti-aircraft battalions with twelve 40 mm guns.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Army; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Marine defense battalions also used the 40 mm gun.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Army; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage During World War II, the twin mount version of the gun was mounted on an M24 Chaffee tank chassis as the M19 Gun Motor Carriage . In the 1950s, the M41 Walker Bulldog tank was heavily modified into the M42 Duster with the same twin 40 mm mounting. After being largely withdrawn from service in the early 1960s, the M42 was re-introduced beginning in 1966 for the Vietnam War , where it was mostly used for ground fire support. Following the withdrawal from Vietnam in the early 1970s, the M42 was retained in National Guard service until finally retired in 1988.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · U.S. versions / Army; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage In World War II Germany, the Wehrmacht used a number of Bofors guns which had been captured in Poland and France. The Kriegsmarine also operated some guns obtained from Norway. In German naval use, the gun was designated the "4 cm FlaK 28" , and was variously used aboard individual examples of many different classes of warship, including but not limited to; the cruisers Admiral Hipper and Prinz Eugen toward the end of the war; M1940-class minesweeper; vorpostenboot . Beginning in 1942, several 'S 38 type' schnellboote were equipped with the Flak 28, enabling them to fight against British MGBs and MTBs on equal terms.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Captured examples; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Germany also purchased a large number (200+) of Hungarian-made Bofors guns. In return, Hungary received a 75 mm PaK 40 gun for every 4-5 Bofors. The Wehrmacht used Hungarian guns after German occupation of Hungary from late 1944. Most of them were lost during the fights in Budapest and Transdanubia .[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Captured examples; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The Bofors 40 mm L/43 is a submarine variant of L/60 with retractable mounting, and using low propellant charge ammunition.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Service use / Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/43; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The L/60 remained in front-line service well into the 1980s and 1990s although it had been replaced in production by the Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/70 . In most cases, these were the ground anti-aircraft versions, as a suitable replacement in this role did not come along until the introduction of truly effective MANPADS missiles in the 1980s and 1990s.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Service use / Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The L/60 saw active service with the Argentinian and British navies in the 1982 Falklands War and continued to be used into the 1990s, when it was replaced by modern 20 mm and 30 mm artillery.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Service use / Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Ships of the Norwegian and Icelandic Coast Guards continue to use the 40mm Bofors gun.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Service use / Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage The last 40 mm L/60 Bofors in service with the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) were used as the main weapon aboard the Attack -class and Fremantle -class patrol boats and for training purposes at the West Head gunnery range at HMAS Cerberus . These were removed from service during 2007; Bofors were used aboard almost every RAN ship to operate between the 1940s and the 1990s, including the aircraft carriers Sydney and Melbourne .[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Service use / Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Since the beginning of the 1970s, the 40 mm Bofors L/60s have been used in the United States Air Force 's Lockheed AC-130 gunships in the air-to-ground role. Between 2006 and 2012, there were plans to remove these and the 20 mm M61 Vulcans from newer AC-130U variants and replace them with 30 mm autocannons. However, these plans did not come to fruition at the time, and the 40 mm Bofors and 20 mm Vulcans remained in service as of 2009 , though the later W- and upcoming J-model variants have 30 mm Mk44 Bushmaster II autocannons instead.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Service use / Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60 / AC-130 Gunship; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage When four additional AC-130Us were to be converted from 2002, the necessary 40 mm L/60 guns had to be salvaged from old M42 targets at the Nellis AFB range. The final 40 mm L/60 guns in US service were retired in 2020 with the last of the AC-130Us.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Service use / Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60 / AC-130 Gunship; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Bofors 40 mm L/60 Model 1932 — Unofficial designation of the prototype gun, made for Swedish Navy's official trials. Bofors 40 mm L/43 Model 1932 — A short-barrel version for submarines that was to be stowed in a waterproof tubular container located in the conning tower or under the decking.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Variants / Gun variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Bofors 40 mm L/60 Model 1934 — Improved model, exported to several countries but not adopted by the Swedish military.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Variants / Gun variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage Bofors 40 mm L/60 Model 1936 — Slightly further improved model adopted by the Swedish military, as well as other countries.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Variants / Gun variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage 40 mm L/56 Mark 1 / 40 mm L/56 Mark 2 — US Navy water-cooled variants with interchangeable barrel assemblies. Both were used for all twin and quad mountings.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Variants / Gun variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage 40 mm L/56 M1 — US Army air-cooled version. Barrel assemblies were interchangeable with British and Canadian Bofors guns. US Navy used a modified version for single mountings.[source]Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun · Variants / Gun variants; only the objects and conditions stated in this passage | — |
|---|
| Country of origin | Sweden[source]Inventory Origin column; table 9, row 8, cell 5; revision 1377113086; retrieved 2026-10-02 Sweden[source]Inventory Origin column; table 8, row 2, cell 4; revision 1349740034; retrieved 2026-10-01 | — |
|---|
| Variant description | — | ZPU-4[source]Only the source-declared variant ZPU-4 |
|---|
| Reported operators |
| — |
|---|